Quality engineering question Please read the pages and make a short and clear summary of them with your own words please. Mention only the necessary important parts Also, you will put your comments and ideas about the topic briefly It is what you understand  You must prepare neat the summary

Management, Loose-Leaf Version
13th Edition
ISBN:9781305969308
Author:Richard L. Daft
Publisher:Richard L. Daft
Chapter19: Managing Quality And Performance
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Quality engineering question

Please read the pages and make a short and clear summary of them with your own words please. Mention only the necessary important parts

Also, you will put your comments and ideas about the topic briefly

It is what you understand 

You must prepare neat the summary

Thank you 

CHAPTER ONE The Total Quality Approach to Quality Management
CHAPТER
3
ONE
ONE
Quality has been defined in a number of different ways
by a number of different people and organizations. Consider
the following definitions:
. Performance that meets or exceeds expectations.
- Performance that meets the customer's needs.
- Consistently meeting customer needs and expectations.
. Satisfying the customer today and getting better tomorrow.
In his landmark book Out of the Crisis, quality pioneer W.
Edwards Deming makes the point that quality must be defined
from the perspective of the stakeholder. The customer has a stake
in the quality of a product or service, the production workers
have a stake in it, and the organization that employs the produc-
Consider the individual elements of this definition: The
dynamic state element speaks to the fact that what is consid-
ered quality can and often does change as time passes and cir-
cumstances are altered. For example, gas mileage is an impor-
tant criterion in judging the quality of modern automobiles.
However, in the days of 20-cent-per-gallon gasoline, consum-
ers were more likely to concern themselves with horsepower,
cubic inches, and acceleration rates than with gas mileage.
THE TOTAL QUALITY APPROACH
TO QUALITY MANAGEMENT:
ACHIEVING ORGANIZATIONAL
EXCELLENCE
The products, services, people, processes, and environments
element is critical. It makes the point that quality applies not
just to the products and services provided, but also to the peo-
ple and processes that provide them and the environments in
which they are provided. In the short term, two competitors
who focus on continual improvement might produce a prod-
uct of comparable quality. But the competitor who looks be-
yond just the quality of the finished product and also focuses
on the continual improvement of the people who produce the
product, the processes they use, and the environment in which
they work will win in the long run and, most frequently, in the
short run. This is because quality products are produced most
consistently by quality organizations.
The superior value element acknowledges that quality
is a key element in providing superior value (ie., superior
quality, cost, and service).
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
tion worker has a stake in it. Each of these entities should have
their own view of quality and all of their views should mesh.
Although Deming's landmark book is now dated, his
thoughts on quality are still valid and insightful. Deming makes
the point that quality has many different criteria and that these
criteria change continually. To complicate matters even fur-
ther, different people value the various criteria differently. For
this reason, it is important to measure consumer preferences
and to remeasure them frequently. Deming gives an example of
the criteria that are important to him in selecting paper:
- It is not slick and, therefore, takes pencil or ink well.
After completing this chapter, you should be able to:
. Define the term quality.
. Compare and contrast quality and total quality.
• Summarize the two views of quality.
. Describe the key elements of total quality.
. Identify the pioneers of total quality.
. Explain the keys to success with total quality.
- Analyze the future of quality management in the twenty-first century.
. Explain how to become certified in quality management.
Quality, Value, and Organizational
Excellence
The concept of total quality as an approach to doing business began to gain wide acceptance in the United States in the late 1980s
and early 1990s. However, individual elements of the concept-such as the use of statistical data, Sx Sigma, Lean, teamwork, con-
tinual improvement, customer satisfaction, and employee involvement-have been used by visionary organizations for years. It is the
pulling together and coordinated use of these and other previously disparate elements that gave birth to the comprehensive concept
known as total quality. This chapter provides an overview of that concept, laying the foundation for the study of all remaining chapters.
. Writing on the back does not show through.
. It fits into a three-ring notebook.
. It is available at most stationery stores and is, therefore,
easily replenished.
- It is reasonably priced.
It is important for quality professionals to understand how
quality fits into the bigger picture of providing superior
value to customers. Organizations survive and thrive in a
Each of these preferences represents a variable the manu- globally competitive marketplace by providing superior
facturer can measure and use to continually improve decision
making. Deming is well known for his belief that 94% of work-
place problems are caused by management and especially for
his role in helping Japan rise up out of the ashes of World War
II to become a major industrial power. Deming's contribu-
tions to the quality movement are explained in greater depth
later in this chapter.
Although there is no universally accepted definition of
quality, enough similarity does exist among the definitions
that common elements can be extracted:
value to customers. Achieving organizational excellence is
about developing the ability to consistently provide superior
value to customers over the long term. Superior value has
three basic elements: superior quality, superior cost, and su-
perior service.
In order to achieve organizational excellence-the level
of performance necessary for long-term success in a global
environment-it is necessary to consistently provide supe-
rior value to customers. Quality is obviously one of the key
elements in providing superior value. But total quality is
even more than that. Total quality is a broad-based approach
that encompasses all three of the elements of superior value.
Continually improving the quality of products, processes, ser-
vices, and costs is what total quality is all about-hence the
name total quality. Organizations that effectively apply the
total quality approach to management are the ones most likely
to achieve organizational excellence.
WHAT IS QUALITY?
One way to understand quality as a consumer-driven
concept is to consider the example of eating at a restaurant.
How will you judge the quality of the restaurant? Most peo-
To understand total quality, we must first understand qual-
ity. Customers that are businesses will define quality very ple apply such criteria as the following:
clearly using specifications, standards, and other measures.
This makes the point that quality can be defined and mea-
sured. Although few consumers could define quality if
asked, all know it when they see it. This makes the critical
point that quality is in the eye of the beholder. With the
total quality approach, customers ultimately define quality.
People deal with the issue of quality continually in their
daily lives. We concern ourselves with quality when we are
shopping groceries, eating in a restaurant, and making a
major purchase, such as an automobile, a home, a television,
or a personal computer. Perceived quality is a major fac-
tor by which people make distinctions in the marketplace.
Whether we articulate them openly or keep them in the back
of our minds, we all apply a number of criteria when mak-
ing a purchase. The extent to which a purchase meets these
criteria determines its quality in our eyes.
. Service
. Response time
. Food preparation
. Environment or atmosphere
. Price
. Selection
. Quality involves meeting or exceeding customer
expectations.
Quality applies to products, services, people, processes,
and environments.
. Quality is an ever-changing state (i.e., what is considered
quality today may not be good enough to be considered
quality tomorrow).
This example gets at one aspect of quality-the results aspect.
Does the product or service meet or exceed customer expec-
tations? This is a critical aspect of quality, but it is not the only
one. Total quality is a much broader concept that encom-
passes not just the results aspect but also the quality of people
and the quality of processes.
With these common elements extracted, the following defi-
nition of quality can be set forth:
Quality is a dynamic state associated with products, ser-
vices, people, processes, and environments that meets or
exceeds expectations and helps produce superior value.
2
Transcribed Image Text:CHAPTER ONE The Total Quality Approach to Quality Management CHAPТER 3 ONE ONE Quality has been defined in a number of different ways by a number of different people and organizations. Consider the following definitions: . Performance that meets or exceeds expectations. - Performance that meets the customer's needs. - Consistently meeting customer needs and expectations. . Satisfying the customer today and getting better tomorrow. In his landmark book Out of the Crisis, quality pioneer W. Edwards Deming makes the point that quality must be defined from the perspective of the stakeholder. The customer has a stake in the quality of a product or service, the production workers have a stake in it, and the organization that employs the produc- Consider the individual elements of this definition: The dynamic state element speaks to the fact that what is consid- ered quality can and often does change as time passes and cir- cumstances are altered. For example, gas mileage is an impor- tant criterion in judging the quality of modern automobiles. However, in the days of 20-cent-per-gallon gasoline, consum- ers were more likely to concern themselves with horsepower, cubic inches, and acceleration rates than with gas mileage. THE TOTAL QUALITY APPROACH TO QUALITY MANAGEMENT: ACHIEVING ORGANIZATIONAL EXCELLENCE The products, services, people, processes, and environments element is critical. It makes the point that quality applies not just to the products and services provided, but also to the peo- ple and processes that provide them and the environments in which they are provided. In the short term, two competitors who focus on continual improvement might produce a prod- uct of comparable quality. But the competitor who looks be- yond just the quality of the finished product and also focuses on the continual improvement of the people who produce the product, the processes they use, and the environment in which they work will win in the long run and, most frequently, in the short run. This is because quality products are produced most consistently by quality organizations. The superior value element acknowledges that quality is a key element in providing superior value (ie., superior quality, cost, and service). LEARNING OBJECTIVES tion worker has a stake in it. Each of these entities should have their own view of quality and all of their views should mesh. Although Deming's landmark book is now dated, his thoughts on quality are still valid and insightful. Deming makes the point that quality has many different criteria and that these criteria change continually. To complicate matters even fur- ther, different people value the various criteria differently. For this reason, it is important to measure consumer preferences and to remeasure them frequently. Deming gives an example of the criteria that are important to him in selecting paper: - It is not slick and, therefore, takes pencil or ink well. After completing this chapter, you should be able to: . Define the term quality. . Compare and contrast quality and total quality. • Summarize the two views of quality. . Describe the key elements of total quality. . Identify the pioneers of total quality. . Explain the keys to success with total quality. - Analyze the future of quality management in the twenty-first century. . Explain how to become certified in quality management. Quality, Value, and Organizational Excellence The concept of total quality as an approach to doing business began to gain wide acceptance in the United States in the late 1980s and early 1990s. However, individual elements of the concept-such as the use of statistical data, Sx Sigma, Lean, teamwork, con- tinual improvement, customer satisfaction, and employee involvement-have been used by visionary organizations for years. It is the pulling together and coordinated use of these and other previously disparate elements that gave birth to the comprehensive concept known as total quality. This chapter provides an overview of that concept, laying the foundation for the study of all remaining chapters. . Writing on the back does not show through. . It fits into a three-ring notebook. . It is available at most stationery stores and is, therefore, easily replenished. - It is reasonably priced. It is important for quality professionals to understand how quality fits into the bigger picture of providing superior value to customers. Organizations survive and thrive in a Each of these preferences represents a variable the manu- globally competitive marketplace by providing superior facturer can measure and use to continually improve decision making. Deming is well known for his belief that 94% of work- place problems are caused by management and especially for his role in helping Japan rise up out of the ashes of World War II to become a major industrial power. Deming's contribu- tions to the quality movement are explained in greater depth later in this chapter. Although there is no universally accepted definition of quality, enough similarity does exist among the definitions that common elements can be extracted: value to customers. Achieving organizational excellence is about developing the ability to consistently provide superior value to customers over the long term. Superior value has three basic elements: superior quality, superior cost, and su- perior service. In order to achieve organizational excellence-the level of performance necessary for long-term success in a global environment-it is necessary to consistently provide supe- rior value to customers. Quality is obviously one of the key elements in providing superior value. But total quality is even more than that. Total quality is a broad-based approach that encompasses all three of the elements of superior value. Continually improving the quality of products, processes, ser- vices, and costs is what total quality is all about-hence the name total quality. Organizations that effectively apply the total quality approach to management are the ones most likely to achieve organizational excellence. WHAT IS QUALITY? One way to understand quality as a consumer-driven concept is to consider the example of eating at a restaurant. How will you judge the quality of the restaurant? Most peo- To understand total quality, we must first understand qual- ity. Customers that are businesses will define quality very ple apply such criteria as the following: clearly using specifications, standards, and other measures. This makes the point that quality can be defined and mea- sured. Although few consumers could define quality if asked, all know it when they see it. This makes the critical point that quality is in the eye of the beholder. With the total quality approach, customers ultimately define quality. People deal with the issue of quality continually in their daily lives. We concern ourselves with quality when we are shopping groceries, eating in a restaurant, and making a major purchase, such as an automobile, a home, a television, or a personal computer. Perceived quality is a major fac- tor by which people make distinctions in the marketplace. Whether we articulate them openly or keep them in the back of our minds, we all apply a number of criteria when mak- ing a purchase. The extent to which a purchase meets these criteria determines its quality in our eyes. . Service . Response time . Food preparation . Environment or atmosphere . Price . Selection . Quality involves meeting or exceeding customer expectations. Quality applies to products, services, people, processes, and environments. . Quality is an ever-changing state (i.e., what is considered quality today may not be good enough to be considered quality tomorrow). This example gets at one aspect of quality-the results aspect. Does the product or service meet or exceed customer expec- tations? This is a critical aspect of quality, but it is not the only one. Total quality is a much broader concept that encom- passes not just the results aspect but also the quality of people and the quality of processes. With these common elements extracted, the following defi- nition of quality can be set forth: Quality is a dynamic state associated with products, ser- vices, people, processes, and environments that meets or exceeds expectations and helps produce superior value. 2
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