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- Researchers conducted a prospective cohort study to assess the association between dietary supplements and cognitive ability among children. A total of 500 children age 12-17 years who take an omega-3 fatty acid supplement are compared with 500 children age 12-17 years who do not take an omega-3 fatty acid supplement. Researchers follow the children for 2 years. During this time, 300 children who take the supplement earn what is classified as a “high” score on a cognitive test while 200 children who do not take the supplement earn what is classified as a “high” score on the same cognitive test. Show calculations. a) Construct a 2x2 table from the information presented above b) The risk difference is:Jachuck et al. (1982) report on a drug designed to reduce hypertension (high blood pressure). Such hypotensive drugs are frequently effective but are also linked to side effects like irritability and a decline in energy. Seventy-five patients with mild hypertension were put on hypotensive drugs and their progress was monitored by doctors and spouses. When asked to rate the treated patients as improved, worse, or unchanged, the doctors rated all 75 patients as "improved." Meanwhile, the spouses rated 74 of the 75 patients as "worse." Why might spouses and doctors differ in their opinion about the effect of going on blood pressure medication?Which of the following should not be included in the group (criteria for evidence)? Transparency Reasonableness Reliability Usefulness None of the above
- Consider the following TSLS model, where Ability is an endogenous independent variable, while Educand Age are exogenous.Stage 1 : Ability = 0 + 1 Educ + 2 Age + 3 Expr + 4 ParEduc + 5 KWW + VStage 2 : log(Wage) = 0 + 1 Educ + 2 Age + 2 Ability + UIf we use the Sargan test, the rst-stage F test and the Hausman test together to decide whether aTSLS or an OLS would be more appropriate, ll in the following blanks: at the 5% signicance level, the critical value for the Sargan test is blank, and the critical value forthe Hausman test is blank; if we blank (reject or fail to reject) the Sargan test, blank (reject or fail to reject) the rst-stageF test, and blank (reject or fail to reject) the Hausman test, then it is implied that we shall use theTSLS instead of the OLS estimation.how does freidman reconcile the the apperent inconsistency between short term and long term empirical evidenceStates (and provinces) that have control over taxation sometimes reduce taxes in an attempt to spur economic growth. Suppose that you are hired by a state to estimate the effect of corporate tax rates on, say, the growth in per capita gross state product (GSP).(i) What kind of data would you need to collect to undertake a statistical analysis?(ii) Is it feasible to do a controlled experiment? What would be required?(iii) Is a correlation analysis between GSP growth and tax rates likely to be convincing? Explain.
- This is the ultility function of the Overlapping genrations model. The question is what does alpha stand for ?When I took the PRCA my scores were much high than the other two tests and I know that this test is essentially showing what my communication apprehension is like and I think that the reason that this test is much lower scored than all the others is because im just not really a communicative person. I do tend to find it at times hard to work with people and many times I would just much rather be tasked with doing something myself so I can get it done my way and I feel like that is just much more of an effective way for me to work on something. And knowing that I am already this way with people that are from a similar background with me then I am more inclined to not work well with people who are more different than that. I'm not unable to work with people I just prefer to work alone. And I had once worked with someone from a different cultural background and It just wasn't for me because I couldn't really understand them through their accent very well and it would frustrate me because…18. What is the type of sample statistic that is used to make inferences about a given type ofpopulation or parameter?A. Confidence interval of that parameterB. Confidence level of that parameterC. Estimator of that parameterD. Point estimate of that parameter 20. As the number of subjects in a trial increase, the _____.A. Clinical relevance increasesB. The confidence interval decreasesC. The number needed to treat increasesD. The power of the study decreases 49. All of the following is true regarding incidence, EXCEPT:A. Every person in the numerator must have the potential to become one of the people in thedenominator.B. For the denominator, we have the number of people at risk for the disease during aspecified time period.C. For the numerator, we indicate the number of new cases of a disease during a specifiedtime periodD. Measures of disease frequency needed to generate evaluation of the association betweenexposure and outcome
- The results of Crum and Langer's hotel experiment: Select one: a. were contradicted by the results of correlational research based on a student survey about health, diet, and exercise and personality measures. b. were discounted because the evidence was purely correlational. c. had little impact because the statistical analysis was flawed. d. provided additional support for the idea that people's beliefs and expectations can have a powerful influence.which of the following is the correct interpretation of the multicollinearity test?Q. Which of the following is true of heteroscedasticity? Options- a. Population R-squared is affected by the presence of heteroscedasticity. b. Heteroscedasticity causes inconsistency in the ordinary least squares estimators. c. The ordinary least squares estimators are not the best linear unbiased estimators if heteroscedasticity is present. d. It is not possible to obtain F statistics that are robust to heteroscedasticity of an unknown form.