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- QUESTION NO. 1L-Carnitine is synthesized primarily in the liver but also in the kidneys and then transported to other tissues. It is most concentrated in tissues that use fatty acids as their primary fuel, such as skeletal and cardiac muscle. In this regard, L-carnitine plays an important role in energy production by conjugating to fatty acids for transport from the cytosol into the mitochondria. L-carnitine shuttle is an example of A. ion driven active transport B. facilitated diffusion C. simple diffusion D. ATP driven active transportE. symport F. antiportQUESTION NO.2 Statements: (1) Glucose is both a hexose and a aldose. (2) There can never be more than three enantiomers for a molecule. (3) All common disaccharides have beta-one-four linkages. Which statements are true?QUESTION NO. 1Statements: (1) Glucose is both a hexose and a aldose. (2) There can never be more than three enantiomers for a molecule. (3) All common disaccharides have beta-one-four linkages. Which statements are true?QUESTION NO.2 Erythrocyte glucose transporter illustrates the type of A. ion driven active transport B. facilitated diffusion C. active transport D. simple diffusion E. secondary active transportQUESTION NO.3 which of the following statement/s accurately describe the surface of a lipid droplet? A. a monolayer of phospholipids B. a bilayer of phospholipid C. a network of perilipin protein D. a structured layer of triacylglycerol E. a chaotic hydrophobic/ hydrophilic interfaceQUESTION 22 When the final product of a series of enzymatically-catalyzed reactions binds to the first enzyme in the pathway to limit its production, it generally uses ___ because the structure of this final product is generally not similar to that of any of the enzyme's normal substrates. Allosteric activation Zymogen activation Covalent modification Competitive inhibition Allosteric inhibition
- Question 1: When the CAC is run in reverse by microorganisms that use it to fix carbon, the citrate synthase reaction is different and is catalyzed by an enzyme called ATP-citrate lyase. Write the reaction catalyzed by ATP-citrate lyase, then briefly (in one sentence) explain why the use of different chemistry (different from the ‘normal’ direction) makes sense here.QUESTION NO. 1 Cystic fibrosis is a frequent generic disease of Caucasians. The CF gene codes for a protein called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) which functions as a cAMP-regulated chloride channel. The protein has two membrane-spanning domains, two domains that interact with ATP, and one regulatory domain. The most common defect is in the gene for one of the ATP binding domains. The result is a protein that does not fold correctly in the endoplasmic reticulum, is not properly glycosylated, and is nor transported to the cell surface. Rather, it is degraded in the cytosol within proteasomes. Drugs that foster chaperone interaction with the mutant protein are a potential therapeutic approach. Chaperones A. are always required to direct the folding of proteins. B. when bound to protein increase the rate of protein degradation. C. usually bind to strongly hydrophilic regions of unfolded proteins. D. sometimes maintain proteins in an…Question:- The enzyme aromatase is found in the cytoplasm of some cells and converts testosterone to estrogen. You decide to test aromatase from a particular cell, and oops, your lab partner admits he drastically increased the pH in all the test tubes. Which of the following is a likely result? a. The enzyme will be denatured and the substrate will not bind to the active site. b. The enzyme will convert testosterone to estrogen at a faster rate. c. The mistake will have no effect on the experiment, because enzymes are not sensitive to pH. d. The free energy will be lowered and the reaction will not proceed spontaneously.
- Question:- 33) Glucose-6-phosphate has different pathways that it can enter in the liver during the fed state. All of the following are possible except OA.) it is oxidized to acetyl CoA for fatty acid biosynthesis O B). it can enter the pathway for glycogen biosynthesis O c.) it is a substrate for glucose-6-phosphatase OD. )it is oxidized in glycolysis to provide energy for the bodyQUESTION 26 During gluconeogenesis, whereby liver cells convert pyruvate to glucose, Fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) is converted to Glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). If the standard equilibrium concentrations are: [F6P] = 0.52 M and [G6P] = 1.48 M, then Keq’ is ______ and the reaction is ________. Fructose-6-P ó Glucose-6-P > 1; exergonic > 1; endergonic < 1; exergonic < 1; endergonicQuestion:- 1.) If 2 molecules of glucose enters glycolysis, a total of how many carbon dioxide molecules are released after Krebs Cycle including those released during pyruvate processing?
- Question 56 You (a healthy individual) are swimming underwater when you can no longer resist the urge to breathe. This overwhelming urg probably due to O the autorhymthic cells in your diaphragm contracting O the decrease in O 2 available to the cells of the body. O the increase in plasma H *. O the increase in pH has made your blood dangerously alkaline. 1.67Question 1: The standard reduction potential for the the cytochrome c Fe3+/Fe2+ redox couple and for the dioxygen/water redox couple. Part a: Use these values, and the relevant equation, to compute the standard free energy change for the transfer of 4 electrons from cytochrome c to dioxygen. Part b: Next, compute the free energy needed to pump four protons across the mitochondrial membrane, using the relevant equation and values of -.14V for Δψ and 1.4 for ΔpH. Part c: If energy conservation by cytochrome c oxidase involved only the four pumped protons (and standard conditions applied), what would be the efficiency of energy conservation at this step? (what is the ratio [energy conserved in the gradient] / [redox energy used] ?)Question:- 2) oxaloacetate (OAA) occurs as an important intermediate in 2 metabolic processes a) indicate these reaction steps where OAA occurs b) indicate structure for OAA 3) how many reduced equivalents (as electron carrier) are obtained after an oxidation of C16H12O2? describe in detail the structure of these steps.