Smoking and pregnancy 2006 The Child Trends DataBank monitors issues related to children. The table showsa 50-state average of the percent of expectant motherswho smoked cigarettes during their pregnancies.a) Create a scatterplot and describe the trend you see.b) Find the correlation.c) How is the value of the correlation affected by the factthat the data are averages rather than percentages foreach of the 50 states?d) Write a linear model and interpret the slope in context. Year% SmokingWhile Pregnant Year % SmokingWhile Pregnant1990 19.2 1999 14.11991 18.7 2000 14.01992 17.9 2001 13.81993 16.8 2002 13.31994 16.0 2003 12.71995 15.4 2004 10.91996 15.3 2005 10.11997 14.9 2006 10.01998 14.8
Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as predictors. Regression analysis is one of the methods to find the trends in data. The independent variable used in Regression analysis is named Predictor variable. It offers data of an associated dependent variable regarding a particular outcome.
Smoking and pregnancy 2006 The Child Trends Data
Bank monitors issues related to children. The table shows
a 50-state average of the percent of expectant mothers
who smoked cigarettes during their pregnancies.a) Create a scatterplot and describe the trend you see.
b) Find the
c) How is the value of the correlation affected by the fact
that the data are averages rather than percentages for
each of the 50 states?
d) Write a linear model and interpret the slope in context.
% Smoking
While Pregnant Year
While Pregnant
1990 19.2 1999 14.1
1991 18.7 2000 14.0
1992 17.9 2001 13.8
1993 16.8 2002 13.3
1994 16.0 2003 12.7
1995 15.4 2004 10.9
1996 15.3 2005 10.1
1997 14.9 2006 10.0
1998 14.8
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