State the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Living systems may appear to violate the second law of thermodynamics because living things maintain a high degree of organization despite a universal trend toward increasing disorganization. What is the explanation for this apparent paradox?

Q: “The most stable state of an isolated system is the state of maximum entropy”. Use the second law of…

A: Entropy change always exhibits the decrement or increment in the system's randomness. Any reaction's…

Q: ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: 1. The relationship between entropy and temperature is introduced…

A: Since you have posted multiple questions ,as per guidelines we are subjected to solve one per…

Q: How Gibbs free energy is determined by the volume of the substance ?

A: To find: relation between Gibbs free energy and volume?

Q: Describe the second law of thermodynamics and its importance in determining the spontaneity of a…

A: The second law of thermodynamics states that "the entropy of an isolated system always increases and…

Q: >What is a perpetual motion machine? Can such a machine exist given the laws of thermodynamics?

A: Perpetual motion machine:It is an idealistic concept which moves indefinitely without any energy…

Q: Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. If it is false, correct it.…

A:

Q: Determine whether each of the following statements about the thermodynamic functions are True or…

A: Thermodynamic function called Gibbs free energy is used to determine absolutely spontaneity of a…

Q: A woman shuts her summer cottage up in September and returns in June. No one has entered the cottage…

A: A woman shuts her summer cottage up in September and returns in June. No one has entered the cottage…

Q: Restate the first and second law of thermodynamics.

A: Thermodynamics is the branch of physical science that gives the relation between heat, energy,…

Q: Give an example for each of the following and provide explanation based from what you learned about…

A: Thermodynamics is branch of chemistry in which we deal with heat gained or lost by the system.

Q: What does the second law of thermodynamics imply about the spotaneity of processes

A: Spontaneity of a process was explained by second law of thermodynamics. According to this law, the…

Q: "At steady state, free energy is continuously put into the system. In dynamic equilibrium, net free…

A: The energy is constantly supplied to the system in order to maintain a free energy state which is…

Q: Which of the following is true of thermodynamically spontaneous reactions?     They are all…

A: Interpretation :  We have to tell which of the following is true according to thermodynamically…

Q: Which thermodynamic quantities are not a state function?

A: Both path and state functions are frequently faced in thermodynamics. A thermodynamic property whose…

Q: Give an example for each of the following and provide an explanation.   1. A spontaneous process 2.…

A: A spontaneous process is the process which takes place on its own without any external force.

Q: why do so many thermodynamic processes happen in one direction but never the reverse?

A: There are two types of thermodynamic process based on the reversibility of the process- irreversible…

Q: Under what conditions does an increase in temperature turn a nonspontaneous process into a…

A: For a spontaneous reaction, ∆G (change in Gibbs free energy) must be negative.

Q: Describe the first and second laws of thermodynamics and how they relate tochemical reactions.

A: To find: The description about first and second laws of thermodynamics

Q: Under what circumstances does entropy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process

A: For any  spontaneous process, the value of Gibbs free energy change i.e ΔG should be -ve And since…

Q: Define thermodynamically the entropy of a system

A: The second law of thermodynamics helps us to determine the direction in which energy can be…

Q: According to the second law of thermodynamics, a system and its surroundings spontaneously tend…

A: according to second law of thermodynamics a system and its surroundings spontaneously tend toward…

Q: Why can endothermic reactions be spontaneous?

A:

Q: How is the third law of thermodynamics interpreted in a microscopic thermodynamic sense

A: According to the third law of thermodynamics, the entropy of a perfect crystal is zero at 0 K. It is…

Q: When the environment is contaminated by a toxic or potentially toxic substance (for example, from a…

A: It is stated by second law of thermodynamics, that entropy of universe gets increased in a…

Q: Indicate whether each statement is true or false. The entropy change of the system is equal and…

A:

Q: In a spontaneous process, the entropy of the system always increases. True or False

A: The overall spontaneity of the reaction is determined by the Gibbs free energy change, (∆G) If the…

Q: What is the change in entropy (positive, negative, or zero) for the system? Sugar crystals are…

A: When solid dissolved in water, the entropy increases; but considering sugar that is larger when…

Q: At constant volume, the first law of :thermodynamic is .A U=+W .B U=qA .C JALA

A:

Q: If energy can flow in and out of the system to maintain a constant temperature during the process,…

A: Given, If energy can flow in and out of the system to maintain a constant temperature during the…

Q: Under what circumstance can the entropy of a system decrease for a spontaneous process

A: The entropy tells the randomness present in the system due to its disorderness created in the system…

Q: Are the earth and sun in thermal equilibrium? Are there entropy changes associated with the…

A: 1. The earth and the Sun are not in the thermal equilibrium. As sun is much hotter or is having…

Q: What happens to the entropy of an isolated system during an irreversible process?

A: For isolated system, there is no exchange of heat or energy between system and surrounding.  Hence,…

Q: Determine whether each of the following statements about the thermodynamic functions are True or…

A: 1) Statement 1 is incorrect as the work done in case of constant volume system will be 0 while in…

Q: Explain why changes in both enthalpy and entropy determine the spontaneity of a process.

A:

Q: State the 3rd law of thermodynamics. How is it interpreted in microscopic thermodynamic sense?

A:

Q: The law of thermodynamics states that every spontaneous process moves towards greater entropy. O…

A: The second law of thermodynamics helps us to predict whether the reaction is fisible or not .…

Q: Is there any connection between second law and third law of thermodynamics? Explain by giving…

A: Second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases and…

Q: What is the entropy of a system that has only a single microstate?

A: Entropy is defined in the terms of randomness that a system possess or the disordered state. Change…

Q: Not all processes in which the system increases in entropy are spontaneous. How can this observation…

A: Second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases but it…

Q: How are the states of matter arranged in increasing entropy of the system?     Solid < Gas <…

A: Entropy is the degree of randomness or disorder and gases have more disorder because particles can…

Q: The law of thermodynamics states that every spontaneous process moves towards greater entropy.…

A: There are certain laws in thermodynamics to characterize systems in thermodynamic equilibrium  Thise…

Q: The laws of thermodynamics can only be applied to a thermodynamic system; which is an open system…

A:

Q: In biology the equilibrium equations that keep living organisms alive are called homeostasis. How…

A: Homeostasis is the condition in living organisms where the equilibrium equations that keep loving…

Q: Explain Thermodynamic Processes?

A: The four types of thermodynamic process are isobaric, isochoric, isothermal and adiabatic.

Q: TRUE OR FALSE The spontaneous process proceeds on its own without any outside assistance.

A: The given statement is, The spontaneous process proceeds on its own without any outside assistance…

Q: Which of the following statements correctly identifies the Second Law of Thermodynamics? The free…

A: The second law of thermodynamics predicts the spontaneous nature of a process. According to this…