The economy below has a linear production possibility frontier, given by C=Y-G/q. The government has become more efficient at producing the public good (q increases from q1 to q2), which produces a rotation in the production possibility frontier. The private good (c) is a normal good. The public good is, however, an inferior good. In which area (1,2,3) will the indifference curve of the consumer be after the change? 1
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- TRUE OR FALSE Social welfare indifference curves are useful in discussions about the tradeoffs facing society.Which of the following statements is true? Select one or more options: a-If two different individuals have exactly the same budget constraint but different preferences (different appearance of the indifference curves) then they will have different equilibrium conditions for optimal choice b-The marginal substitution ratio is always equal to 1 for perfect substitutes c-If item X costs SEK 10, item Y costs SEK 20 and if the marginal benefit for X is 20 and the marginal benefit for Y is 30, then the individual should buy more of Y and less of X d-In the case of a corner solution for an individual, the marginal substitution ratio for two goods is not equal to the relative price of the two goodsPoints on a utility possibility curve represent a given distribution of well-being between two persons an efficient allocation of resources the maximum well-being of any one person, given the resources available and the well-being of another person all of the above
- Q16 Pareto optimality refers to the maximum efficient allocation of economic resources such that there is no way that one's wealth another person worse off: this statement is choices - irrelevant -conditionally true -always true -always falseEconomic analysis is limited in its ability to forecast precise choices of a given individual because:Rational choice theory is an economic principle that assumes individuals always make prudent and logical decisions to maximize net benefit. True or false
- If society values a more equal distribution of goods which is embodied in Social Indifference Curves, fairness and efficiency are possible. TRUE OR FALSEConsider a two-city (A and B) regional economy where each city operates on the negatively sloped portion of its utility curve. In the initial equilibrium, the two cities are identical. Then air pollution (lead emissions) in city B decreases the brain power and productivity of workers in the city by 20 percent. Illustrate the effects of lead emissions on the regional equilibrium, indicating the direction of changes in city size (the number of workers) and regional utility.Analyze how pareto efficiency is achieved from consumption activities in an economy
- In a standard economic model, we generally assume the individual only cares about their own payoff. So, for example, utility of individual i is given by u = pi, where pi is the individual’s payoff. Suppose the individual is playing a dictator game with another partner j. How would you modify the utility function to explain the non-zero allocations to the partner that are typically observed?Answer both question (a) and (b) below. (a) State theWeak Axiom of Revealed Preference (WARP). (b) In a two-good model, suppose a consumer always chooses the midpoint of the budget line given any (p1; p2; I), does the demand function satisfy WARP? Why? (HINT: Graphs can be helpful to answer the question.)Which of the following statements is correct? a. Contingent commodities are goods delivered only if a particular state of the world occurs. b. The key insight offered by state-preference models is to reframe the study of behavior under uncertainty back into a problem of utility maximization subject to a budget constraint (standard choice-theoretic framework). c. Insurance markets are an example of markets for contingent claims. d. All of the above.