The following reaction is carried out at 25.0 °C and 1.00 atm: 2NO(g) + O2(g) → 2NO2(g) AH‡º kJmol-¹ sº JK¯¹mol-¹ NO (g) -110.525 197.674 NO₂ (g) -393.509 213.74 O₂ (g) 0.00 205.0 Using the data in the table: • Calculate the enthalpy of reaction, A₁H, for the reaction: mol-1 • Calculate the entropy change, ASº, for the reaction: • Calculate AGº for the reaction: kJ mol-1 Is this reaction spontaneous or not spontaneous at this temperature and pressure? kJ JK-1 mol-1

The following reaction is carried out at 25.0 °C and 1.00 atm: 2NO(g) + O2(g) → 2NO2(g) AH‡º kJmol-¹ sº JK¯¹mol-¹ NO (g) -110.525 197.674 NO₂ (g) -393.509 213.74 O₂ (g) 0.00 205.0 Using the data in the table: • Calculate the enthalpy of reaction, A₁H, for the reaction: mol-1 • Calculate the entropy change, ASº, for the reaction: • Calculate AGº for the reaction: kJ mol-1 Is this reaction spontaneous or not spontaneous at this temperature and pressure? kJ JK-1 mol-1

World of Chemistry, 3rd edition

3rd Edition

ISBN:9781133109655

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter17: Equilibrium

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 12A

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5.12. True or false: If all the partial pressures of reactants and products drop by half, the value of Q drops by half. Give an example of a chemical reaction to support your answer.
For the decomposition of Ag2O: 2Ag2O(s)4Ag(s)+O2(g)(a) Obtain an expression for G as a function of temperature. Prepare a table of G values at 100 K intervals between 100 K and 500 K. b) Calculate the temperature at which G =0.
The recycling of polymers represents only one industrial process that allows creating order in one location by creating greater disorder at some other location, often at a power plant. List three other industrial processes that must create disorder in the surroundings to generate the desired material.
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The direct reaction of iron(III) oxide. Fe2O3, to give iron and oxygen gas is a nonspontaneous reaction; normally, iron combines with oxygen to give rust (the oxide). Yet we do change iron(III) oxide, as iron ore, into iron metal. How is this possible? Explain.
A gaseous material XY(g) dissociates to some extent to produce X(g) and Y(g): XY(g)X(g)+Y(g) A 2.00-g sample of XY (molar mass = 165 g/mol) is placed in a container with a movable piston at 25C. The pressure is held constant at 0.967 atm. As XY begins to dissociate, the piston moves until 35.0 mole percent of the original XY has dissociated and then remains at a constant position. Assuming ideal behavior, calculate the density of the gas in the container after the piston has stopped moving, and determine the value of K for this reaction of 25C.
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For the following reaction C(s)+2H2(g)CH4(g) K=0.26 at 1000C (3 significant figures). What is the equilibrium constant at 750C (3 significant figures)?
Silicon forms a series of compounds analogous to the al-kanes and having the general formula SinH2n+2. The first of these compounds is silane, SiH4, which is used in the electronics industry to produce thin ultrapure silicon films. SiH4(g) is somewhat difficult to work with because it is py-ropboric at room temperature—meaning that it bursts into flame spontaneously when exposed to air. (a) Write an equation for the combustion of SiH4(g). (The reaction is analogous to hydrocarbon combustion, and SiO2 is a solid under standard conditions. Assume the water produced will be a gas.) (b) Use the data from Appendix E to calculate ? for this reaction. (c) Calculate G and show that the reaction is spontaneous at 25°C. (d) Compare G for this reaction to the combustion of methane. (See the previous problem.) Are the reactions in these two exercises enthalpy or entropy driven? Explain.
Substances that poison a catalyst pose a major concern for many engineering designs, including those for catalytic converters. One design option is to add materials that react with potential poisons before they reach the catalyst. Among the commonly encountered catalyst poisons are silicon and phosphorus, which typically form phosphate or silicate ions in the oxidizing environment of an engine. Group 2 elements are added to the catalyst to react with these contaminants before they reach the working portion of the catalytic converter. If estimates show that a catalytic converter will be exposed to 625 g of silicon during its lifetime, what mass of beryllium would need to be included in the design?
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Old-fashioned smelling salts consist of ammonium carbonate, (NH4)2CO3. The reaction for the decomposition of ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3(s)2NH3(g)+CO(g)+H2O(g) is endothermic. Would the smell of ammonia increase or decrease as the temperature is increased?