The following trial balance was extracted from the books of a retail trader, who has been in business for a few Rajin Singh Trial Balance as at 31 May 2020 Dr. Cr. Sales 429,192 215,352 324,000 162,000 31,185 Purchases Equipment Motor Vehicle Depreciation expense Provision for depreciation Equipment Provision for depreciation Motor Vehicle Opening stock Returns in 122,850 54,000 42,255 1,755 Returns out 648 Accounts payables Accounts receivables Bad debts expense 68,661 77,220 2,835 55,188 20,250 Bank Cash Carriage in Carriage out Discounts allowed 3,915 3,645 4,941 3,240 318,087 Discounts received Capital Drawings 33,750 64,800 9,018 11,151 Rent Insurance Interest expense Loan 81,000 2,322 Provision for bad debts Telephone Water rates 8,910 7,830 1,080,000 1,080,000 Stock at 31 May 2020 was $41,100 You are required to prepare the financial statements (Income Statement and Balance Sheet) for the year ended 31 May 2020 and
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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