Need help with the following question, The Gannett Company provides landscaping services to corporations and businesses. All its landscaping work requires Gannettto use landscaping equipment. Its landscaping equipment has the capacity to do 14,000 hours of landscaping work. It is currentlyutilizing 13,200 hours of equipment time. Gannett charges $115 per hour for landscaping work. Cost information for the currentactivity level is as follows:Begin by determining the change in operating income if Gannett accepts the special order. (If an input field is not used inthe table, leave the input field empty; do not select a label or enter a zero. Use parentheses or a minus sign to enter a decrease inoperating income.)Less:Increase (decrease) in operating income by accepting the one-time special orderShould Gannett accept the special order from Flora Corporation?Will operating income increase or decrease?By how much?Data tableRevenues ($115 x 13,200 hours)Variable landscaping costs (largely labor), which vary with the numberof hours worked ($60 per hour x 13,200 hours)Fixed landscaping costsVariable marketing costs (5% of revenues)Fixed marketing costsTotal costsOperating incomeRequirementPrintDone$ 1,518,000792,000110,00075,90074,0001,051,900$466,100Gannett has just received a one-time only special order for landscaping work fromFlora Corporation at $65 per hour that would require 800 hours of equipment time.No marketing costs will be necessary for the one-time only special order. ShouldGannett accept the offer even though revenue per hour is less than Gannett'slandscaping cost of $68.33 per hour [($792,000+ $110,000) + 13,200 hours)].×Next

It is the process of making decisions that involve the management of costs in order to achieve…

The Gannett Company provides landscaping services to corporations and businesses. All its landscaping work requires Gannett to use landscaping equipment. Its landscaping equipment has the capacity to do 14,000 hours of landscaping work. It is currently utilizing 13,200 hours of equipment time. Gannett charges $115 per hour for landscaping work. Cost information for the current activity level is as follows:

The Gannett Company provides landscaping services to corporations and businesses. All its landscaping work requires Gannett to use landscaping equipment. Its landscaping equipment has the capacity to do 14,000 hours of landscaping work. It is currently utilizing 13,200 hours of equipment time. Gannett charges $115 per hour for landscaping work. Cost information for the current activity level is as follows:

Cornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Series)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305970663

Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. Mowen

Publisher:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. Mowen

Chapter3: Cost Behavior

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 11E: Cashion Company produces chemical mixtures for veterinary pharmaceutical companies. Its factory has...

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Self-Construction Olson Machine Company manufactures small and large milling machines. Selling prices of these machines range from 35,000 to 200,000. During the 5-month period from August 1, 2019, through December 31, 2019, Olson manufactured a milling machine for its own use. This machine was built as part of the regular production activities. The project required a large amount of time front planning and supervisory personnel, as well as that of some of the companys officers, because it was a more sophisticated type of machine than the regular production models. Throughout the 5-month period, Olson charged all costs directly associated with the construction of the machine to a special account entitled Asset Construction Account. An analysis of the charges to this account as of December 31, 2019, follows: Olson allocates factory overhead to normal production as a percent of direct labor dollars as follows: Olson uses a flat rate of 40% of direct labor dollars to allocate general and administrative overhead. During the machine testing period, a cutter head malfunctioned and did extensive damage to the machine table and one cutter housing. This damage was not anticipated and was the result of an error in the assembly operation. Although no additional raw materials were needed to make the machine operational after the accident, the following labor for rework was required: Olson has included all these labor charges in the asset construction account. In addition, it included in the account the repairs and maintenance charges of 1,340 that it incurred as a result of the malfunction. Required: 1. Compute, consistent with GAAP and common practice, the amount that Olson should capitalize for the milling machine as of December 31, 2019, when it declares the machine operational. 2. Next Level Identify the costs you included in Requirement 1 for which there are acceptable alternative procedures. Describe the alternative procedure(s) in each case.
Regal Executive, Inc., produces executive motor coaches and currently manufactures the cent awnings that accompany them at these costs: The company received an offer from Saied Tents to produce the awnings for $3,200 per unit and supply 1,000 awnings for the coming years estimated production. If the company accepts this offer and shuts down production of this part of the business, production workers and supervisors will be reassigned to other areas. Assume that for the short-term decision-making process demonstrated in this problem, the companys total labor costs (direct labor and supervisor salaries) will remain the same if the bar inserts are purchased. The specialized equipment cannot be used and has no market value. However, the space occupied by the awning production can be used by a different production group that will lease it for $60,000 per year. Should the company make or buy the awnings?
Otero Fibers, Inc., specializes in the manufacture of synthetic fibers that the company uses in many products such as blankets, coats, and uniforms for police and firefighters. Otero has been in business since 1985 and has been profitable every year since 1993. The company uses a standard cost system and applies overhead on the basis of direct labor hours. Otero has recently received a request to bid on the manufacture of 800,000 blankets scheduled for delivery to several military bases. The bid must be stated at full cost per unit plus a return on full cost of no more than 10 percent after income taxes. Full cost has been defined as including all variable costs of manufacturing the product, a reasonable amount of fixed overhead, and reasonable incremental administrative costs associated with the manufacture and sale of the product. The contractor has indicated that bids in excess of 30 per blanket are not likely to be considered. In order to prepare the bid for the 800,000 blankets, Andrea Lightner, cost accountant, has gathered the following information about the costs associated with the production of the blankets. Direct machine costs consist of items such as special lubricants, replacement of needles used in stitching, and maintenance costs. These costs are not included in the normal overhead rates. Otero recently developed a new blanket fiber at a cost of 750,000. In an effort to recover this cost, Otero has instituted a policy of adding a 0.50 fee to the cost of each blanket using the new fiber. To date, the company has recovered 125,000. Lightner knows that this fee does not fit within the definition of full cost, as it is not a cost of manufacturing the product. Required: 1. Calculate the minimum price per blanket that Otero Fibers could bid without reducing the companys operating income. 2. Using the full-cost criteria and the maximum allowable return specified, calculate Otero Fibers bid price per blanket. 3. Without prejudice to your answer to Requirement 2, assume that the price per blanket that Otero Fibers calculated using the cost-plus criteria specified is greater than the maximum bid of 30 per blanket allowed. Discuss the factors that Otero Fibers should consider before deciding whether or not to submit a bid at the maximum acceptable price of 30 per blanket. (CMA adapted)
Jonfran Company manufactures three different models of paper shredders including the waste container, which serves as the base. While the shredder heads are different for all three models, the waste container is the same. The number of waste containers that Jonfran will need during the following years is estimated as follows: The equipment used to manufacture the waste container must be replaced because it is broken and cannot be repaired. The new equipment would have a purchase price of 945,000 with terms of 2/10, n/30; the companys policy is to take all purchase discounts. The freight on the equipment would be 11,000, and installation costs would total 22,900. The equipment would be purchased in December 20x4 and placed into service on January 1, 20x5. It would have a five-year economic life and would be treated as three-year property under MACRS. This equipment is expected to have a salvage value of 12,000 at the end of its economic life in 20x9. The new equipment would be more efficient than the old equipment, resulting in a 25 percent reduction in both direct materials and variable overhead. The savings in direct materials would result in an additional one-time decrease in working capital requirements of 2,500, resulting from a reduction in direct material inventories. This working capital reduction would be recognized at the time of equipment acquisition. The old equipment is fully depreciated and is not included in the fixed overhead. The old equipment from the plant can be sold for a salvage amount of 1,500. Rather than replace the equipment, one of Jonfrans production managers has suggested that the waste containers be purchased. One supplier has quoted a price of 27 per container. This price is 8 less than Jonfrans current manufacturing cost, which is as follows: Jonfran uses a plantwide fixed overhead rate in its operations. If the waste containers are purchased outside, the salary and benefits of one supervisor, included in fixed overhead at 45,000, would be eliminated. There would be no other changes in the other cash and noncash items included in fixed overhead except depreciation on the new equipment. Jonfran is subject to a 40 percent tax rate. Management assumes that all cash flows occur at the end of the year and uses a 12 percent after-tax discount rate. Required: 1. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the make alternative. Calculate the NPV of the make alternative. 2. Prepare a schedule of cash flows for the buy alternative. Calculate the NPV of the buy alternative. 3. Which should Jonfran domake or buy the containers? What qualitative factors should be considered? (CMA adapted)
Basuras Waste Disposal Company has a long-term contract with several large cities to collect garbage and trash from residential customers. To facilitate the collection, Basuras places a large plastic container with each household. Because of wear and tear, growth, and other factors, Basuras places about 200,000 new containers each year (about 20% of the total households). Several years ago, Basuras decided to manufacture its own containers as a cost-saving measure. A strategically located plant involved in this type of manufacturing was acquired. To help ensure cost efficiency, a standard cost system was installed in the plant. The following standards have been established for the products variable inputs: During the first week in January, Basuras had the following actual results: The purchasing agent located a new source of slightly higher-quality plastic, and this material was used during the first week in January. Also, a new manufacturing process was implemented on a trial basis. The new process required a slightly higher level of skilled labor. The higher- quality material has no effect on labor utilization. However, the new manufacturing process was expected to reduce materials usage by 0.25 pound per container. Required: 1. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Compute the materials price and usage variances. Assume that the 0.25 pound per container reduction of materials occurred as expected and that the remaining effects are all attributable to the higher-quality material. Would you recommend that the purchasing agent continue to buy this quality, or should the usual quality be purchased? Assume that the quality of the end product is not affected significantly. 2. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Compute the labor rate and efficiency variances. Assuming that the labor variances are attributable to the new manufacturing process, should it be continued or discontinued? In answering, consider the new processs materials reduction effect as well. Explain. 3. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Refer to Requirement 2. Suppose that the industrial engineer argued that the new process should not be evaluated after only one week. His reasoning was that it would take at least a week for the workers to become efficient with the new approach. Suppose that the production is the same the second week and that the actual labor hours were 9,000 and the labor cost was 99,000. Should the new process be adopted? Assume the variances are attributable to the new process. Assuming production of 6,000 units per week, what would be the projected annual savings? (Include the materials reduction effect.)
Boston Executive. Inc., produces executive limousines and currently manufactures the mini-bar inset at these costs: The company received an offer from Elite Mini-Bars to produce the insets for $2,100 per Unit and supply 1,000 mini-bars for the coming years estimated production. If the company accepts this offer and shuts down production of this part of the business, production workers and supervisors will be reassigned to other areas. Assume that for the short-term decision-making process demonstrated in this problem, the companys total labor costs (direct labor and supervisor salaries) will remain the same if the bar inserts are purchased. The specialized equipment cannot be used and has no market value. However, the space occupied by the mini bar production can be used by a different production group that will lease it for $55,000 per year. Should the company make or buy the mini-bar insert?
Hicks Contracting collects and analyzes cost data in order to track the cost of installing decks on new home construction jobs. The following are some of the costs that they incur. Classify these costs as fixed or variable costs and as product or period costs. Lumber used to construct decks ($12.00 per square foot) Carpenter labor used to construct decks ($10 per hour) Construction supervisor salary ($45,000 per year) Depreciation on tools and equipment ($6,000 per year) Selling and administrative expenses ($35,000 per year) Rent on corporate office space ($34,000 per year) Nails, glue, and other materials required to construct deck (varies per job)
Cashion Company produces chemical mixtures for veterinary pharmaceutical companies. Its factory has four mixing lines that mix various powdered chemicals together according to specified formulas. Each line can produce up to 5,000 barrels per year. Each line has one supervisor who is paid 34,000 per year. Depreciation on equipment averages 16,000 per year. Direct materials and power cost about 4.50 per unit. Required: 1. Prepare a graph for each of these three costs: equipment depreciation, supervisors wages, and direct materials and power. Use the vertical axis for cost and the horizontal axis for units (barrels). Assume that sales range from 0 to 20,000 units. 2. Assume that the normal operating range for the company is 16,000 to 19,000 units per year. How would you classify each of the three types of cost?
Verde Company reported operating costs of 50,000,000 as of December 31, 20x5, with the following environmental costs: Required: 1. Prepare an environmental cost report, classifying costs by quality category and expressing each as a percentage of total operating costs. What is the message of this report? 2. Prepare a pie chart that shows the relative distribution of environmental costs by category. What does this report tell you? 3. What if Verde deliberately did not include the cost of damaging the ecosystem because of solid waste disposal in its environmental cost report? Offer possible reasons for this decision. If consciously avoided, is this decision unethical?
Roper Furniture manufactures office furniture and tracks cost data across their process. The following are some of the costs that they incur. Classify these costs as fixed or variable costs, and as product costs or period costs. Wood used to produce desks ($125,00 per desk) Production labor used to produce desks ($15 per hour) Production supervisor salary ($45,000 per year) Depreciation on factory equipment ($60,000 per year) Selling and administrative expenses ($45,000 per year) Rent on corporate office ($44,000 per year) Nails, glue, and other materials required to produce desks (varies per desk) Utilities expenses for production facility Sales staff commission (5% of gross sales)
Bienestar, Inc., has two plants that manufacture a line of wheelchairs. One is located in Kansas City, and the other in Tulsa. Each plant is set up as a profit center. During the past year, both plants sold their tilt wheelchair model for 1,620. Sales volume averages 20,000 units per year in each plant. Recently, the Kansas City plant reduced the price of the tilt model to 1,440. Discussion with the Kansas City manager revealed that the price reduction was possible because the plant had reduced its manufacturing and selling costs by reducing what was called non-value-added costs. The Kansas City manufacturing and selling costs for the tilt model were 1,260 per unit. The Kansas City manager offered to loan the Tulsa plant his cost accounting manager to help it achieve similar results. The Tulsa plant manager readily agreed, knowing that his plant must keep pacenot only with the Kansas City plant but also with competitors. A local competitor had also reduced its price on a similar model, and Tulsas marketing manager had indicated that the price must be matched or sales would drop dramatically. In fact, the marketing manager suggested that if the price were dropped to 1,404 by the end of the year, the plant could expand its share of the market by 20 percent. The plant manager agreed but insisted that the current profit per unit must be maintained. He also wants to know if the plant can at least match the 1,260 per-unit cost of the Kansas City plant and if the plant can achieve the cost reduction using the approach of the Kansas City plant. The plant controller and the Kansas City cost accounting manager have assembled the following data for the most recent year. The actual cost of inputs, their value-added (ideal) quantity levels, and the actual quantity levels are provided (for production of 20,000 units). Assume there is no difference between actual prices of activity units and standard prices. Required: 1. Calculate the target cost for expanding the Tulsa plants market share by 20 percent, assuming that the per-unit profitability is maintained as requested by the plant manager. 2. Calculate the non-value-added cost per unit. Assuming that non-value-added costs can be reduced to zero, can the Tulsa plant match the Kansas City per-unit cost? Can the target cost for expanding market share be achieved? What actions would you take if you were the plant manager? 3. Describe the role that benchmarking played in the effort of the Tulsa plant to protect and improve its competitive position.
Corazon Manufacturing Company has a purchasing department staffed by five purchasing agents. Each agent is paid 28,000 per year and is able to process 4,000 purchase orders. Last year, 17,800 purchase orders were processed by the five agents. Required: 1. Calculate the activity rate per purchase order. 2. Calculate, in terms of purchase orders, the: a. total activity availability b. unused capacity 3. Calculate the dollar cost of: a. total activity availability b. unused capacity 4. Express total activity availability in terms of activity capacity used and unused capacity. 5. What if one of the purchasing agents agreed to work half time for 14,000? How many purchase orders could be processed by four and a half purchasing agents? What would unused capacity be in purchase orders?