The initial allocation of tradable discharge permits O a determines whether or not an efficient abatement cost allocation is achieved ' can have potentially large effects on the welfare of individual polluters is something that individual polluters care nothing about has neither efficiency nor equity implications
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- ACME Industries produces steel near a river that nearby residents liked to swim. A by-product of steel produced by ACME Industries is toxic sludge that pollutes the river. Demand for steel by consumers in tonnes is given by QD = 90 - 5p. The Private Margiinal Cost per tonne of steel produced ACME Industries is given by the supply curve QS = 25p. Each tonne of steel produced creates external marginal damage on Wimmera of $1.20 due to decreased water quality. The government is considering imposing a tax on the market to correct the externality. 1. Before the imposition of a corrective tax, the equilibrium price is: 2. Before the imposition of a corrective tax, the equilibrium quality is: 3. To correct the externality, the government should tax per tonne of steel produced equal to:ACME Industries produces steel near a river that nearby residents liked to swim. A by-product of steel produced by ACME Industries is toxic sludge that pollutes the river. Demand for steel by consumers in tonnes is given by QD = 90 - 5p. The Private Margiinal Cost per tonne of steel produced ACME Industries is given by the supply curve QS = 25p. Each tonne of steel produced creates external marginal damage on Wimmera of $1.20 due to decreased water quality. The government is considering imposing a tax on the market to correct the externality. 4. Following imposition on collective tax, the equilibrium quality is: 5. What is the deadweight loss that occurs if the collective tax is not imposed? 6. What fraction of the economic incidence of the tax falls on steel consumers?Imagine a firm’s marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is: MAC = 24 – 2E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, its marginal abatement cost function will be: MAC = 12 – E. The adoption costs for the new technology are $2. If the government raises the tax on emissions from $2 to $4, the firm's total costs increase by $_____. Select one: a. $19. b. $15. c. $16. d. $21. Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.
- Two coal-burning electric power plants are emitting mercury which impairs cognitive development in children. Plant A's marginal abatement cost is MCA= 1.2q and plant B's marginal abatement cost is MCB = 0.3q. Each firm initially emits 50 units and the EPA would like to reduce total emissions to 40. If the EPA follows a command-and-control policy and tells each firm to abate by the same amount, what will be the total costs? If firms could trade permits, what would happen to total costs? Why?a. (TRUR or FALSE) Labor can be a fixed cost? b. (CHOOSE THE RIGHT ANSWER) One of the best examples of internalizing externalities is through (Donation, Loans, Subsidied or Sponsors) c. (CHOOSE THE RIGHT ANSWER) If it costs Mary P500 to produce a product and Anne P600, the producer surplus when the price of the product is 800 is (300, 200, 400, 500)(I.) Draw (for yourself) the marginal abatement cost curves for Al and Bob, with “units of runoff abated” on the horizontal axis and “marginal cost” on the vertical axis. How do the curves look like? a. The two lines start from the origin with slopes of 3 and 5 for Al and Bob, respectively b. The two lines are flat with respect to the horizontal axis with intercepts of 3 and 5 for Al and Bob, respectively (II.) To achieve its goal, suppose the local agency asks Al and Bob to abate 10 units each and offers to pay their total abatement costs. What is the total cost to the agency? a. 400 b. 300 c. 250 (III.) (Considering Al’s and Bob’s marginal abatement costs in part (II), has the agency achieved its abatement goal at the lowest possible cost? Why or why not? a. Yes, because the Equimarginal Principle was satisfied b. No, because the Equimarginal Principle was not satisfied c. Yes, because the pollution level was reduced d. No, because the pollution level was not reduced enough
- Imagine a firm’s marginal abatement cost function with existing technologies is: MAC = 12 – E. If the firm adopts new pollution abatement technologies, its marginal abatement cost function will be: MAC = 6 – 0.5E. The adoption costs for the new technology are $6. If the government raises the tax on emissions from $2 to $4, the firm's total costs increase by $_____. HINT: Total costs include tax payments, total abatement costs, and (if relevant) adoption costs for the new technology. Select one: a. $12. b. $8. c. $10. d. $16.State whether each of the statements is TRUE or FALSE, and with one or more sentences and explain your reasoning as clearly as you can. 1) To achieve a cost-effective outcome, abatement responsibilities across polluting sourcesmust be allocated such that the level of Marginal Abatement Cost is equal across polluters.Lecture: Externality - Pigou8. All-Leather is a tanning company located on Lake Michigan in Chicago. Its total cost functionis C(QA) = 125 + 8QA + 5QA2, where QA is leather production per week in thousands of pounds.a) If leather sells for $408 per thousand pounds, how much leather will All-Leather produce?How much profit does All-leather earn?Enjoy is a beverage company located on Lake Michigan near All-Leather in Chicago. Enjoy’sproduction of beverages is negatively affected by water pollution from All-Leather’s productionof leather. Enjoy’s total cost function to produce beverages isC(QE) = 10QE +3QE2 + 3QA2where QE is Enjoy’s weekly production of beverages, in thousandsof gallons and, as above, QA is All-Leather’s weekly production of leather.b) Is this an example of a pecuniary externality or a real externality? Explain.c) What is the extra cost to Enjoy from an additional thousand tons of leather production by AllLeather (i.e., the external marginal cost of an extra unit of QA…
- Plants A and B emit 12 tons and 6 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), respectively. MAC(marginal abatement costs) for a = 12 - Ea, MACb=12-2Eb MD(marginal damage) = 1/3*E (E indicates CO2 emission) Suppose that the emission trading system is introduced and the right to emit 7 tons is given to power plant A and the right to emit 5 tons is given to power plant B. At this time, explain how the price of CO2 credits is determined and how much each power plant buys or sells.For a competitive market in long-run equlibrium to be Pareto-efficient...Select one:a. Firms do not make profits of any kindb. Marginal private costs are below marginal social costsc. Marginal private costs are above marginal social costsd. Marginal external costs are zero Please tell me which of these multiple awnsers are correct.Thank youWhy is the presentaion of corparate results increasingly accompanied by the presentation of a socially responsible bussines report. Provide 3 reasons