The supply side of the economy is defined by: Y = 8L1/4K 3/4 L = 625 K = 625 The demand side of the economy is defined by: C = 400 + 0.8(Y-T) I = 900 – 1250r G = 1000 T = 1500 a. Using the production function, calculate the supply of output. b. Calculate the real rental rate of capital. What is the capital owners' share of income in this economy?
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- Using a graph and words, explain the effect of SRAS and LRAS curves when the President of the United States would give businesses who invested in new plant and equipment an investment tax credit equal to 10 percent of their investment and the marginal tax rate has been reduced to people who make over $50,000 and are permanent. Will you work more or less when marginal tax rates are cut and will businesses invest more in plant and equipment when an investment tax credit has been implemented by the President of the United States? Also explain in your graph what will happen to equilibrium price level and equilibrium real GDP and the unemployment rate when the marginal tax rates are cut and are permanent for people making over $50,000 and the investment tax credit has been implemented by the President of the United States.True/False 11) The term ‘voodoo economics’ is a term used by the proponents of supply side economics trying to explain to its critics that lower tax rates will result in higher tax revenue.12) Barro is considered to be a supply side economist which is consistent with his idea that we should eliminate the corporate income tax.13) According to the table depicting the effective tax rate on capital for 2007, the only country that has a higher effective tax rate on capital is Greece.14) According to our discussion of supply side economics, there are positive aggregate demand side effects and positive supply side effects, similar to what happened during the new economy.15) We argued that the tax multiplier is higher in absolute value than the government spending multiplier.16) The more the Fed accommodates shocks to money demand, the larger the (government) spending multiplier.17) According to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO), the stimulus package worked in termsof creating jobs,…Consider an economy in which tax collections are always $400 and in which the four components of aggregate demand are as follows: GDP Taxes DI C I G (X - IM) $1,360 $400 $960 $720 $200 $500 $30 1,480 400 1,080 810 200 500 30 1,600 400 1,200 900 200 500 30 1,720 400 1,320 990 200 500 30 1,840 400 1,440 1,080 200 500 30 Find the equilibrium of this economy graphically. What is the marginal propensity to consume? What is the multiplier? What would happen to equilibrium GDP if government purchases were reduced by $60 and the price level remained unchanged?
- Suppose that the macroeconomic equilibrium is determined in the closed economy (AE = C+I +G). Show and explain the effects of an increase in the marginal tax rate (t) on macroeconomic equilibrium.Consider a competitive, closed economy with a Cobb-Douglas production function with parameter α = 0.25. The parameter A is equal to 60. Assume also that capital is 100, labor is 100. Assume that in this economy consumption (C) is given by the equation C = 600 + 0.6(Y – T). Investment (I) is given by the equation I = 2,000 – 100r, where r is the real rate of interest in percent. Taxes (T) are 500 and government spending (G) is also 500. (Hint: use the GDP obtained in part a). What are the equilibrium values of C, I, and r? What are the values of private saving, public saving, and national saving?The consumption function of the economy of Macro-land is given by ? = 200 + 0.75(? − ?)The investment function is given by ? = 200 − 25? . Government purchases and taxes are both 100. (a) Find the equation of the IS curve (b) The money demand function in Macro-land is given byMd= ? − 100? The nominal money supply M is 1,000 and the price level is 2. Find the equation of theLM curve (c) Find the interest rate and income for which the goods and services and money marketsare simultaneously in equilibrium. (d) Suppose the government purchases are raised from 100 to 150. What are the newequilibrium interest rate and income? (e) Suppose that the money supply is raised from 1,000 to 1,200. What are the newequilibrium interest rate and national income? (f) How will fiscal expansion in the country (Macro-land) affect national income,employment, interest rate, price level and real money balance under the Keynesianaggregate supply condition? NB: Kindly answer all questions
- An economy is described by the following: C=20+0.9Y I=120-200r. Md=250+0.2Y-400r. Ms/P=1250 Y=70 W=17.5 Lf=144 a) Find AS and AD. b) Find the equilibrium level of Y and P c) Graphically represent this economy d) Find the long-run Y of this economy. e) What is the level of government expenses G, the government needs to impose in order to lead the economy to the full employment? (Show the long-run graphically).ADVANCED MACROECONOMICS: MODERN MACROECONOMICS MODEL It is known that the maximization of the household utility function is as follows: U₁ = fety InC₁ + (1 − y) ln(L – 1,)]dt Withconstraint : K₁ = (R₂ - S)K + Welt - Ct (2) The firm produces output through the production function (Yt = F(Kt. Lt. At)) Cobb Douglas constant return to scale with the aim of maximizing profit. It is assumed that the economy is a closed economy. A. Derive the labor supply equation. Explain how the relationship between increased household preferences for (i) consumption and (ii) leisure time on labor supply. B. Derive the labor demand equation. Explain how the relationship between (i) wages and (ii) capital to labor demand. C. Determine the amount of labor (level of labor) from the above economy in steadyConsider the following model of an economy operating with fixed wages, prices and interest rates and hasexcess capacity. Adsume all figures are I Zambian kwacha. C=100+0.8yd, T=100+25Y, G=980 and I= 500 Where c is consumption, yd is disposable income, T is taxes net of transformers, G is government spending on goods and services and I is investments. A. Calculate the equilibrium level of national income B. Illustrate your equilibrium in the keyneasian cross diagran C. What is the value of the multiplier D. Is governnent running a surplus or a deficit E. Show the impact of a reduction in government spending by 80 on the equilibrium level of national income F. Illustrate your new equilibrium in the same Keynesian cross diagram as in b.
- Suppose that the aggregate demand and aggregate supply schedules for a hypothetical economy are as shown in the following table Amount of Price Level Amount of Real GDP (Price Index) Real GDP Demanded, Supplied, Billions Billions $100 300 $450 200 250 400 300 200 300 400 150 200 500 100 100 a. Use the data above to graph the agregate demand and aggregate supply curves. What are the…The production function is Cobb-Douglas: Y = AK^αL^1−α, where K = 1000, and L = 100. α=0,365 A=2,3 a) How much output does the economy produce?b) What is the real wage rate equal to in equilibrium? c) What is the real rental rate of capital equal to in equilibrium?Set 1: Equilibrium output1.Government. Suppose the consumption function is given by C= 100+ .8Y, while investment is given by I= 50 a) What is the equilibrium level of income in this case?b) What is the level of saving in equilibrium? c) If, for some reason, output is at the level of 800, what will the level of involuntary inventory accumulation be?d) If I rises to 100 (we discuss what determines I in later chapters), what will the effect be on the equilibrium income?e) What is the value of the multiplier, a, here?f) Draw a diagram indicating the equilibria in both (a) (d). 2.Suppose the consumption behaviour in problem 1 changes so that C= 100+ .9Y, while I remains at 50.c) Does this change in investment spending have more or less of an effect on Y than it did in problem 1? Why?d) Draw a diagram indicating the change in equilibrium income in this case.