The surface proteins on the lipid envelope of the hepatitis B virus specifically bind to receptor proteins on the surface of human liver cells. This viral‑host protein interaction allows the hepatitis B virus to infect human liver cells. A hepatitis B virus strain has been genetically modified so that the lipid envelope contains gp120 in addition to the regular surface proteins. What will the hepatitis B virus be able to infect? Select all that apply. human T cells human liver cells HIV bacterial cells

The surface proteins on the lipid envelope of the hepatitis B virus specifically bind to receptor proteins on the surface of human liver cells. This viral‑host protein interaction allows the hepatitis B virus to infect human liver cells. A hepatitis B virus strain has been genetically modified so that the lipid envelope contains gp120 in addition to the regular surface proteins. What will the hepatitis B virus be able to infect? Select all that apply. human T cells human liver cells HIV bacterial cells

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter17: Genes And The Immune System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 10QP: The Adaptive Immune Response Is a Specific Defense Against Infection Researchers have been having a...

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When a mixture of different IgG antibody proteins are treated with the enzyme papain, each antibody is cleaved into three roughly equal size fragments. From each original antibody, two of the three fragments are identical to each other, and represent the ‘arms’ of the antibody ‘Y’. These fragments are known as Fab fragments. The third fragment is known as the Fc region, because this fragment will crystallize when purified. The reason a mixture of Fc fragments will crystallize is because: It is the only part of the antibody protein that can easily be purified at the high concentrations needed for crystallization. It has no disulfide bonds holding the domains together, as disulfide bonds will inhibit crystallization. It is the only fragment of the antibody that still has disulfide bonds, so it remains intact during the crystallization process. The Fc fragments of IgG are much more water soluble than the Fab fragments. All Fc fragments generated from a mixture of IgG molecules have the…