The text stated that molecular biologists have developed elegant techniques that can convert any type ofDNA end into any other type of DNA end. In thisproblem, consider genomic DNA that is broken bymechanical shearing into random pieces. Some of theends of these pieces are blunt, some have 5′-overhangs, and others have 3′-overhangs.a. Must the two ends of any one genomic DNAfragment be of the same type?b. Explain why the ends with 5′ or 3′ overhangs arenot sticky.c. Researchers can convert ends with overhangs intoblunt ends using either DNA polymerase (plus thefour dNTPs), or nuclease S1, which degradessingle-stranded regions of DNA but not doublestranded regions. Which kinds of ends with overhangs (5′ or 3′) could be converted into blunt endsusing DNA polymerase? With S1 nuclease?
Molecular Techniques
Molecular techniques are methods employed in molecular biology, genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics to manipulate and analyze nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA)), protein, and lipids. Techniques in molecular biology are employed to investigate the molecular basis for biological activity. These techniques are used to analyze cellular properties, structures, and chemical reactions, with a focus on how certain molecules regulate cellular reactions and growth.
DNA Fingerprinting and Gel Electrophoresis
The genetic makeup of living organisms is shown by a technique known as DNA fingerprinting. The difference is the satellite region of DNA is shown by this process. Alex Jeffreys has invented the process of DNA fingerprinting in 1985. Any biological samples such as blood, hair, saliva, semen can be used for DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting is also known as DNA profiling or molecular fingerprinting.
Molecular Markers
A known DNA sequence or gene sequence is present on a chromosome, and it is associated with a specific trait or character. It is mainly used as a genetic marker of the molecular marker. The first genetic map was done in a fruit fly, using genes as the first marker. In two categories, molecular markers are classified, classical marker and a DNA marker. A molecular marker is also known as a genetic marker.
DNA Sequencing
The most important feature of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules are nucleotide sequences and the identification of genes and their activities. This the reason why scientists have been working to determine the sequences of pieces of DNA covered under the genomic field. The primary objective of the Human Genome Project was to determine the nucleotide sequence of the entire human nuclear genome. DNA sequencing selectively eliminates the introns leading to only exome sequencing that allows proteins coding.
The text stated that molecular biologists have developed elegant techniques that can convert any type of
DNA end into any other type of DNA end. In this
problem, consider genomic DNA that is broken by
mechanical shearing into random pieces. Some of the
ends of these pieces are blunt, some have 5′-overhangs, and others have 3′-overhangs.
a. Must the two ends of any one genomic DNA
fragment be of the same type?
b. Explain why the ends with 5′ or 3′ overhangs are
not sticky.
c. Researchers can convert ends with overhangs into
blunt ends using either DNA polymerase (plus the
four dNTPs), or nuclease S1, which degrades
single-stranded regions of DNA but not doublestranded regions. Which kinds of ends with overhangs (5′ or 3′) could be converted into blunt ends
using DNA polymerase? With S1 nuclease?
Trending now
This is a popular solution!
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
