This energy diagram shows the allowed energy levels of an electron in a certain atom or molecule: B energy E Use this diagram to complete the table below. Which is the ground state? (pick one) e How many excited states are there? How many lines are in the absorption line spectrum? Which transition causes the absorption line at the shortest wavelength? |Which transition causes the absorption line at the longest wavelength? Explanation Check

This energy diagram shows the allowed energy levels of an electron in a certain atom or molecule: B energy E Use this diagram to complete the table below. Which is the ground state? (pick one) e How many excited states are there? How many lines are in the absorption line spectrum? Which transition causes the absorption line at the shortest wavelength? |Which transition causes the absorption line at the longest wavelength? Explanation Check

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079373

Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Publisher:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley

Chapter6: Electronic Structure And The Periodic Table

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 63QAP: A carbon dioxide laser produces radiation of wavelength 10.6 micrometers (1micrometer=106meter)....

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The following are sets of rotational quantum numbers (J,MJ,K). Label each indicated transition as either allowed or forbidden. Hint: Remember the rules for allowed values of the various quantum numbers. a (5,4,0)(3,6,0)b (8,2,2)(9,2,2) c (7,4,2)(7,4,2)d (4,2,5)(3,2,5)
Consider the following transitions 1. n=3 to n=1 2. n=2 to n=33. n=4 to n=34. n=3 to n=5(a) For which of the transitions is energy absorbed? (b) For which of the transitions is energy emitted? (c) Which transitions involve the ground state? (d) Which transition absorbs the most energy? (e) Which transition emits the most energy?
Using Table 5.2, write down the mathematical expression for the 2px wave function for an electronically excited H atom. Estimate the probability of finding the 2px electron if you look in a cubical box of volume of 0.8(pm)3 centered at a distance of 0.5001010m in the =/2 , =0 direction. Does this probability change as you change ? At what angles is the probability of finding the electron smallest and at what angles is the probability the largest? (Note that =2 is the same location as =0 , so don’t double count.)
In a FranckHertz experiment on sodium atoms, the first excitation threshold occurs at 2.103 eV. Calculate the wavelength of emitted light expected just above this threshold. (Note: Sodium vapor lamps used in street lighting emit spectral lines with wavelengths 5891.8 and 5889.9 Å.)
The maximum in the blackbody radiation intensity curve moves to shorter wavelength as temperature increases. The German physicist Wilhelm Wien demonstrated the relation to be max1/T . Later, Planck’s equation showed the maximum to be max=0.20hc/kt . In 1965, scientists researching problems in telecommunication discovered “background radiation” with maximum wavelength 1.05 mm (microwave region of the EM spectrum) throughout space. Estimate the temperature of space.
A carbon dioxide laser produces radiation of wavelength 10.6 micrometers (1micrometer=106meter). laser produces about one joule of energy per pulse, how many photons are produced per pulse? (c) Which transitions involve the ground state? (d) Which transition absorbs the most energy? (e) Which transition emits the most energy?
Consider Figure 11.4 and choose the correct phrase: As the vibrational quantum number increases, the extension of the vibration increases/decreases/stays the same while the average length of the oscillator itself increases/decreases/stays the same. Explain your choices.
For the Li atom, the energy difference between the ground state and the first excited state, in which the outermost electron is in a 2p orbital, is 2.961019J . In the Li2+ ion, the energy difference between the 2s and 2p levels is less than 0.00002 of this value. Explain this observation.
What are the values of E, L, and Lz for an F8+ atom whose electron has the following wavefunctions, listed as n,l,ml? a 1,0,0 b 3,2,2c 2,1,1d 9,6,3.
Based on the trend shown in Figure 11.5, draw the probability distribution of a harmonic oscillator wavefunction that has a very high value of n. Explain how this is consistent with the correspondence principle.
Using a simple particle-in-a-box model for the multiple bonding in 1,2-butadiene (see Example 4.7) and the n=2 wave function for the weakest bound electron, calculate the probability of finding the electron in an 0.1 interval centered midway between the two inner carbon atoms (that is, the center is at x=2.11 , so this interval is from x1=2.06 to x2=2.16 ). Then calculate the probability of finding the electron in an 0.1 interval centered midway between an end carbon atom and the carbon atom that is double-bonded to it in the Lewis dot structure. (You may calculate the appropriate integrals or estimate the relevant areas under the curve graphically.) Then recalculate the probabilities by approximating the integral as |( x 0)|2x , where x0 is evaluated in the middle of the range from x1 to x2 . Finally, explain why you can’t approximate the integral needed for Problem 37(a) in this way.
Suppose an atom in an excited state can return to the ground state in two steps. It first falls to an intermediate state, emitting radiation of wavelength 1 , and then to the ground state, emitting radiation of wavelength 2 . The same atom can also return to the ground state in one step, with the emission of radiation of wavelength . How are 1,2, and related? How are the frequencies of the three radiations related?