This hormone stimulates insertion of aquaporins into cells lining the collecting duct - which is it? Select one: O a. O b. renin O c. calcitonin O d. angiotensin O e. anti-diuretic hormone aldosterone Next page
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- Physiological influence of vasopressin is evidenced by:A. Increased water reabsorption in distal tubulesB. Increased diuresisC. Intensification of Na excretion D. Spasm of uterusE. Increased glucose reabsorptionThe nurse is reviewing the use of bethanechol (Urecholine) in a patient who is experiencing postoperative urinary retention. Which statement best describes the mechanism of action of bethanechol?a) It causes decreased bladder tone and motility.b) It causes increased bladder tone and motility.c) It increases the sensation of a full bladder.d) It causes the sphincters in the bladder to become tighter.Drugs that increase urine flow (diuretic drugs) are oftenemployed in the treatment of hypertension (high blood pressure)or other disease states. Three physiological categories of suchdrugs are ones that (i) function as loop diuretics, (ii) inhibitthe action of aldosterone, and (iii) block Na+ channels in thecollecting ducts. Explain why each of these categories wouldbe expected to increase Na+ excretion and urine flow. (Hint:Rereading the section on hormones at the end of Chapter 28might prove helpful.)
- Increased aldosterone causesa. increased reabsorption of Na+.b. decreased blood volume.c. decreased reabsorption of Cl−.d. increased permeability of the distal convoluted tubule to water.e. increased volume of urine.When monitoring laboratory test results for patients receiving loop and thiazide diuretics, the nurse knows to look for a) decreased serum levels of potassium. b )increased serum levels of calcium. c )decreased seum levels of glucose. d )increased serum levels of sodiumWhat are the hormone/s that affect the following in the formation of urine(a) Increases surface area in capillaries to elevate GFR (b) Inhibits phosphate reabsorption in PCT
- 2. The following test results were obtained over a 24-hour period:urine volume = 1.2 Lurine [inulin] = 110 mg%urine [creatinine] = 170 mg%plasma [inulin] = 0.8 mg%plasma [creatinine] = 1.2 mg %hematocrit = 0.40A. Calculate the clearance of inulin.B. Calculate the clearance of creatinine.C. What is the GFR?D. Creatinine is an endogenous by-product of muscle metabolism, originating from creatine.Assuming a steady-state, estimate the daily production of creatinineDuring the _________ stage of labor in mammals, the placenta isexpelled from the uterus.a. firstb. secondc. thirdd. It is not expelled; the placenta is reabsorbedAn increase in parathyroid hormone willa. increase plasma 25(OH) D.b. decrease plasma 1,25{(OH)2D.c. decrease calcium ion excretion.d. increase phosphate ion reabsorption.e. increase calcium ion reabsorption in the proximal tubule.
- 1) In kidney development the _____. A) nephric tubules develop from anterior to posterior with the metanephric tubules developing last B) "all of the nephric tubules (pronephric, mesonephric, and metanephric) develop at the same time, beginning just after the somites appear" C) nephric tubules develop from posterior to anterior with the pronephric tubules developing lastThe presence of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) causes an individualto excretea. sugars.b. less water.c. more water.d. Both a and c are correct1) During embryonic development of the kidneys the glomeruli form from the _____. A) ends of blood vessels branching off the aorta B) peritoneal funnels of the metanephric tubules C) somites running alongside the dorsal hollow nerve cord D) neural crest cells and epidermal placodes