To describe: The reason that the selection of phenotypes affect the evolution of genotypes.

Q: C4 and CAM plants are more efficient than C3 plants beca a. reduce O2 concentration. b. have no…

A: C4 plans are more efficient than C3 plants because C3 plants have no special features to combat…

Q: Explain your understanding in detail of the structure and function of The endocrine system in…

A: There are two types of hormones. The first is steroids that do not require any binding or…

Q: The glycolysis pathway is an example of: (choose one) a) aerobic catabolism. b) anaerobic…

A: Introduction :- The metabolic mechanism that transforms glucose to pyruvic acid is known as…

Q: surrounding nets

A: The purse seine method of fishing is very selective as it usually targets only one species at a…

Q: Using concept of homeostasis, explain how the kidneys are involved in controlling fluid osmolarity.

A: Introduction:The kidneys regulate the volume and osmolality of the extracellular fluid by changing…

Q: To determine: The reason due to which scientists think that new genes arise by the duplication of an…

A: The basic structure and functional unit of heredity is the gene.Thus, a gene is a fundamental unit…

Q: Twenty-three milligrams of glucose were eaten by the bacteria Sanacoccus pumasareus. Calculate t…

A: The answer is  2.8× 1021 molecules

Q: Why are fungi identified by using entire reproductive structures rather than by using only spores

A: The spores are the basic reproductive units of fungi. The mycelium remains hidden until it develops…

Q: Photosynthesis takes place mostly in plants. the leaf. b. C. the chloroplast. mesophyll. d. All of…

A: Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical…

Q: a) Transport System b) Digestive System c) Respiratory System

A: Transportation in Plants Plants and animals, both being living things, have an arrangement of…

Q: Both mutation rate and population size influence genetic diversity, but they do so to different…

A: Answer :- Option (C) is correct. - Jamaican flower bat (250 individuals) >> Nycterophilia bat…

Q: please state Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment and  EXPLAIN

A: Gregor Johann Mendel, known as the Father of genetics was an Austrian monk. In 1856, he published…

Q: Population size (millions) 1. Examine the following graph. It shows the pattern of population growth…

A: Population growth The growth of the population is defined as an increase in the number of…

Q: What would happen if a mutation prevented syncytiotrophoblast development of the cell layer?

A: Introduction :- By producing lytic enzymes and secreting pro-apoptotic substances, the…

Q: Radioactive decay produces ionising radiation.  Like all ionising radiation this can lead to harmful…

A: The radiation is produced due to the decay of the radioactive particles, they release different…

Q: Make an illustration of the Calvin cycle that will connect to the light-dependent reaction. Write…

A: Introduction Plants and algae utilise the Calvin cycle to convert carbon dioxide from the air into…

Q: In humans the wall of the left ventricle is thicker than that of the right ventricle. This…

A: Cardiovascular system The circulatory system is also referred to as the cardiovascular system. It is…

Q: Achondroplasia, is characterized by difficulty converting cartilage to bone and thus results in…

A: Color blind is X linked recessive trait.  C = color blind c = normal XCXC = normal female  XCXc =…

Q: What is defibrinated blood? Citrated or oxalate blood?

A: Defibrinated blood is the blood that has been treated to denature fibrinogen without causing cell…

Q: What would happen if The 5’ cap was missing on the mRNA transcript?

A: As per our guidelines we can only answer the 1st question, rest of the questions can be reposted…

Q: Question: Another mutation has occurred in the Andean condor, which is further endangering the…

A: This is a type of non Mendelian inheritance as complete dominance is not found here. In the non…

Q: 10-In GPCR signaling, the cleavage of PIP2 results in IP3 and: A. DAG B. CAMP C. Calcium D.…

A: Introduction:- A substance found inside cells that transmits signals from a receptor to a target is…

Q: 1) Living things are made mostly from just 4 elements. Based on the number of bonds each of them is…

A: Main 4 elements are hydrogen , oxygen , carbon and nitrogen.   These are most commom elememts in…

Q: abel the chick embryo (late stage) . *please refer to the attached photo for the guide questions to…

A: 1. Auditive vesicle  2. Myelencephalon  3. Optic vesicle  4.Mesencephalon  5. Optic cup

Q: Using the Concord Consortium interactive, observe how mutations can affect protein formation and…

A: Introduction A mutation is a change in an organism's DNA sequence. Mutations can be caused by…

Q: Interpret the microbiological and pH test results obtained in tempeh production. Stage Time PCA DRBC…

A: Introduction  Tempeh  is a traditional food of many countries. It is prepared from fermented soya…

Q: what are some plausible phenotypic changes that we might see in different vector species as climate…

A: Vector species are organisms that help to transmit infectious agents from one organism to another.…

Q: Using  concept of flow-down gradients, explain the movement of glucose in and out of the nephron.

A: Introduction:-The structure that really makes urine in the process of eliminating waste and excess…

Q: What might be a consequence if a person couldn't make the protein p53?

A: The division of a cell into two daughter cells with the same genetic material is known as cell…

Q: miRNA dysregulation has been associated with the development of many human diseases, give example(s)…

A: A non-coding RNA molecule known as miRNA or microRNA. It is a 22-nucleotide long single-stranded…

Q: (c) Write short notes on what type of preparation is needed for a specimen in order to allow it to…

A: Samples must be small enough to fit in sample chamber Samples must be electrically conductive and…

Q: Scientists have also noticed unusual coloration among certain condor populations. Andean condors are…

A: The Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) and the California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) are two of…

Q: Answer the following: given bacterial cultures? Escherichia coli MR-Staphylococcus aureus:…

A: Antimicrobial products kill or slow the spread of microorganisms. Microorganisms include bacteria,…

Q: dredging

A: Dredging impacts marine organisms negatively through entrainment, habitat degradation, noise,…

Q: By choosing any 2 of the following topics/systems, discuss how does the ar and plant (name the…

A: Transport system in plants Transport in biology means carrying substance absorbed or made in the…

Q: Do individual organisms survive exposure to a toxic chemical because they are “mutated” by the…

A: Introduction  The physical and functional unit of heredity is the gene. They are made up of DNA…

Q: Find the connection among the words below and choose the letter of the word which is different. OA.…

A: Gel documentation (gel doc) or gel imaging systems are used for the analysis of proteins, antibodies…

Q: Question 2 2 pts Henrietta goes for her annual physical and receives the results of her blood tests.…

A: Introduction Hematocrit is a type of blood test which measures the percentage of RBC in the blood.…

Q: 22-.... ..... and A. Oxytocin and vasopressin B. Prolactin and growth hormone C. Growth hormone and…

A: Answer 22- A. Oxytocin and vasopressin The posterior lobe generates both vasopressin and oxytocin.…

Q: Twenty-three milligrams of glucose were eaten by the bacteria Sanacoccus puma- amount of ATP your…

A: According to questions... 180g of glucose equal to 1 mole.   23mg glucose produced.... 1 mg= 10-3gm.…

Q: describe the principles and procedures used with CODIS for DNA -based identification

A: Codis is a database used by fbi team to find out the criminal from their stored database. This…

Q: A crocodile is an example of a heterotroph. 6. Which of the following is another example of an…

A: A heterotroph is an organism which derives its nutritional requirements from complex organic…

Q: Which is true for cancer cells:  1) Cell death occurs after a determined number of cell divisions…

A: Cancer are one of the main causes of death due to chronic failure of organs such as stomach, lungs…

Q: Locate the dogfish shark muscles based on the summary of its origin, insertion and action. Table 1.…

A: The spiny dogfish shark, Squalus acanthias, belongs to Chondrichthyes, which first appeared in the…

Q: 3. Clonal Selection Hypothesis is the most accepted theory for how mmune cells respond to specific…

A: Frank Burnet proposed the clonal selection theory in 1957. The production of antibodies during an…

Q: What are the optimal fermentation conditions for producing succinic acid, citric acid, and lactic…

A: Optimal fermentation conditions for acid production :-

Q: The schematic diagram below shows the total genomic DNA isolation of a bacterial colony on a mutant…

A: Centrifugation is done to divide the parts of liquid. Here in this DNA isolation process, the…

Q: LEAF PIGMENTS

A: Introduction Plants produce a significantly greater range of pigment compounds than animals. Plants,…

Q: The obligate anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens dies when exposed to air. What would…

A: Obligate anaerobic bacteria are oxygen intolerant. As the potential of flavoproteins areow for…

Q: . – In a table, illustrate the differences between natural, artificial, active and passive immunity…

A: The immune system of the body is the system that protects the body against foreign pathogens or…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.