Under what circumstances might the appetite-suppressing action of leptin be counterproductive?

Q: List the metabolic effects of epinephrine and the sympathetic nerves to the liver and adipose…

A: Epinephrine is a stimulating hormones and it convert the store glycogen in adipose tissue to…

Q: Would the absorption of water into absorptive cells be increased or decreased following cyanide…

A: Cyanide is a deadly chemical that acts very rapidly. It can exist in many forms. The cyanide group…

Q: what class of hypertensive drugs can cause hyperglycemia for a non-diabetic patient?

A: Hyperglycemia is a condition in which the body fails to produce enough insulin to metabolize glucose…

Q: What is Absorptive State?

A: Absorptive state: - It is the period in which the gastrointestinal tract process which catabolic…

Q: List the effects of glucagon on the liver and their consequences.

A: Glucagon hormone is polypeptide hormone in nature which is produced by alpha cells of pancreatic…

Q: Briefly explain how the actions of pancreatic hormones complement one another.

A: The pancreas is located at the back of the stomach and behind the stomach. It functions as an…

Q: Describe how the pancreatic hormones interact to regulate blood glucose levels.

A: The pancreas will regulate the macronutrient digestion and hence metabolism/energy homeostasis by…

Q: Describe the mechanisms controlling the pancreatic secretion ofHCO32 and enzymes?

A: The pancreas is a glandular organ present in the abdominal cavity of the vertebrate. It has both…

Q: Why Do Diabetics Excrete Glucose in Their Urine?

A: Diabetes is a physiological condition that leads to too much sugar in the blood causing high blood…

Q: What effects occur when the plasma insulin concentration decreases?

A: Insulin could be a peptide secretion created by beta cells of the exocrine gland islets; it's…

Q: How does insulin resistance lead to failure of the pancreatic β cells that results in type 2…

A: Insulin resistance in the body is the resistance from the chemical insulin, bringing about expanding…

Q: Describe the principal functions of the two major groups of adreno-cortical steroids, the…

A: The adrenal cortex that forms the outer layer of the adrenal gland produces polycyclic steroid…

Q: What level of protein structure is hexameric insulin?

A: The pancreas has a very important role in the body. It can function as endocrine as well as…

Q: How is the hormone sensitive lipase regulated ?

A: Hormone sensitive lipase removes the fatty acid from carbon 1 or 3 of the triacylglycerol. It occurs…

Q: How do the growth hormone’s effects on these nutrients?

A: Nutrients are the substances that are needed by the body for the growth and development and proper…

Q: How do the liver and adipose tissue metabolize glucose during the absorptive state?

A: The fraction of the absorbed amino acids are taken up by the liver on the other hand the amino acids…

Q: antagonistic Hormone Explain why insulin and glucagon are considered antagonistic hormones?

A: The blood sugar level in human beings is controlled by the antagonistic action of insulin and…

Q: how do leptin, insulin, and estrogen affect the endocrine control of adipose tissue deposition

A: EFFECT OF LEPTIN ON ENDOCRINE CONTROL OF ADIPOSE TISSUE DEPOSITION Leptin has a great role in the…

Q: What are the drawbacks of the insulin obtained from the slaughtered cows and pigs?

A: Introduction In this problem We will discuss about the drawbacks of the insulin obtained from the…

Q: How does the liver maintain a safe level of blood glucose during a normal 24-hour day?

A: The liver serves as the body's glucose or fuel reserve, assisting in the maintenance of steady and…

Q: What is the action of clopidogrel?

A: BASIC INFORMATION  BLOOD CLOTTING  It is the process of coagulation of blood in order to prevent…

Q: Which hormones are involved in the regulation of serum glucose level, and under what physiologic…

A: The process of maintaining blood sugar levels most importantly glucose levels within the normal…

Q: Which metal is present in Insulin?

A: Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the beta cells of pancreas. Insulin helps to reduce the…

Q: What are the targetorgans upon which insulin andglucagon act?

A: Insulin and glucagon helps in maintaining a state called haemostasis in which the body remains…

Q: which two pancreatic hormones are the major drivers of glucose homeostasis? where does each come…

A: Pancreas are endocrine glands that secrete hormones that play an important role in glucose…

Q: explain how negative feedback regulates the secretion andactions of thyroxine, oxytocin, and…

A: The feedback loops involve a repetition cycle of events, through that, a specific standing and…

Q: Under what circumstances would lactate production be increased above normal?

A: Lactate is an organic molecule which is formed maximum in muscle cells.

Q: What stimulates net glucose uptake by the liver during the absorptive state but gluconeogenesis and…

A: The liver is a very important organ in the regulation of metabolism in the human body. It performs…

Q: what is the role HGF in pancreatic cancer?

A: * HGF is also known as Hepatocyte growth factor or scatter factor which is an  paracrine cellular…

Q: What types of normal cells typicallyhave insulin receptors?

A: Insulin is a hormone secreted by the beta cells present within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans.…

Q: Why do diabetic patientsoften undergo dietary sugarrestriction? What are the maincomplications of…

A: Diabetes is a disease that occurs due to the presence of high sugar in the blood or high blood…

Q: How are ACTH, lipotropins, β endorphins, and MSHrelated? What are the functions of these hormones?

A: Hormones are the chemical messengers. These are secreted by the endocrine glands. These secretions…

Q: What is diabetic ketoacidosis and how does it happen?

A: A actions of two hormones, insulin and glucagon, control and maintain blood glucose levels in the…

Q: Describe the function of ferritin in the absorption of iron.

A: Blood is a specialized connective tissue composed of two components plasma and formed elements.…

Q: Which compound exhibits postprandial blood glucose-lowering effects at intestinal level?

A: Blood sugar after a meal is called postprandial blood sugar.

Q: What is the function of each of the following substances: AMPK, lipoprotein lipase, and hormone…

A: AMPK senses low cellular ATP and gets activated. Lipoprotein lipase is present in capillary walls of…

Q: If removal of the pancreas results in a variety of metabolic disturbances that ultimately lead to…

A: Pancreas is one of the retroperitoneal organ having both exocrine and endocrine function. Loss of…

Q: Describe the precipitants of ketoacidosis in this diabetic patient. What is the cause of his altered…

A: Diabetic ketoacidosis is a complication of type 1 diabetes and is caused by a high amount of blood…

Q: How are lipases activated hormonally?

A: Cholesteryl ester hydrolase or triacylglycerol lipase is an enzyme that is capable of hydrolyzing a…

Q: What is the link between insulin binding to the receptorand the eventual second messenger?

A: Introduction The insulin receptor is an RTK (Receptor Tyrosine kinase). The binding of insulin to…

Q: What is so special about cholecystokinin (CCK)? Identify the components of the hormone system which…

A: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone connected to the gastrointestinal (GI) framework. The…

Q: What is the result of the depletion of the liver’s glycogen stores?

A: During fasting, animals maintain their energy balance by shifting their energy source from…

Q: What is the primary function of insulin?

A: Hormones are a form of chemical messengers which are secreted into the blood. Blood helps in the…

Q: Ketoacidosis is a common feature of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, but not insulinindependent…

A: Diabetic ketoacidosis is a condition occurs when body is not able to produce enough insulin to…

Q: What is the relation between fatty acid oxidation and insulin resistance in the muscle?

A: Alterations in muscle fatty acid metabolism have been implicated in mediating the severity of…