1 Intermolecular ForcesWater is a polar molecule. It has an electric dipole strength of p = 6 x 10-30 C - m. This is roughly equivalent to a protonand an electron separated by a distance of d = 4 x 10-11 m (about the radius of a hydrogen atom).In this problem, we will use Coulomb's law to compare the force between two protons (H*), a proton and a watermolecule, and two water molecules. Use the arrangement of the charges shown in the figure for your calculations.(a)r(b)(c)r(a) First, consider interactions at "short" distances. A chemical bond has a length on the order of r = 0.1 nm.• What is the force between two protons separated by a distance of r = 0.1 nm?• What is the force between a proton and a water molecule separated by a distance of r = 0.1 nm?What is the force between two water molecules separated by a distance of r = 0.1 nm?(b) Now consider a "long" distance: a separation of R = 1.0 nm. (This is about the length of ten hydrogen atoms linedup next to each other.)• What is the force between two protons separated by a distance of R = 1.0 nm?• What is the force between a proton and a water molecule separated by a distance of R = 1.0 nm?What is the force between two water molecules separated by a distance of R = 1.0 nm?(c) Critical Thinking: You now have six different numbers. Compare ratios of forces. What do they tell you? Whichinteractions (charge-charge, charge-dipole, dipole-dipole) are strongest at "short" distances? At "long" distances?Which interactions decrease the fastest with increasing separation?(d) Critical Thinking: Hydrogen bonding occurs in polar molecules – molecules with a permanent dipole mo-ment. Based on your calculations in (a) and (b), over what distance do you think hydrogen bonding is important?

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/cf20eb43-9f56-407e-9d87-58538ebfd7d3.jpg

Water is a polar molecule. It has an clectric dipole strength of p 6x 10-30 C m. This is roughly cquivalent to a proton and an electron separated by a distance of d = 4 x 10-11 m (about the radius of a hydrogen atom). In this problem, we will use Coulomb's law to compare the force between two protons (H*), a proton and a water molecule, and two water molecules. Use the arrangement of the charges shown in the figure for your calculations. (a) (b) (c) r (a) First, consider interactions at "short" distances. A chemical bond has a length on the order of r 0.1 nm. • What is the force between two protons separated by a distance of r 0.1 nm? What is the force between a proton and a water molecule separated by a distance of r 0.1 nm? What is the force between two water molecules separated by a distance of r = 0.1 nm?

Water is a polar molecule. It has an clectric dipole strength of p 6x 10-30 C m. This is roughly cquivalent to a proton and an electron separated by a distance of d = 4 x 10-11 m (about the radius of a hydrogen atom). In this problem, we will use Coulomb's law to compare the force between two protons (H*), a proton and a water molecule, and two water molecules. Use the arrangement of the charges shown in the figure for your calculations. (a) (b) (c) r (a) First, consider interactions at "short" distances. A chemical bond has a length on the order of r 0.1 nm. • What is the force between two protons separated by a distance of r 0.1 nm? What is the force between a proton and a water molecule separated by a distance of r 0.1 nm? What is the force between two water molecules separated by a distance of r = 0.1 nm?

Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781133611097

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl

Chapter10: Liquids And Solids

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: What are intermolecular forces? How do they differ from intramolecular forces? What are...

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