Answered: We have covered several oxidants that…

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781305079243

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Chapter21: Organic And Biological Molecules

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5RQ: What functional group distinguishes each of the following hydrocarbon derivatives? a....

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Question

We have covered several oxidants that use a multi-valent atom (Cr, Cl, S, or I) as their
active species, going from a higher oxidation state before the oxidation to a lower oxidation state after oxidizing the alcohol. Draw the structure of the following atoms, before
and after the oxidation of an alcohol to a ketone or aldehyde. How many bonds to oxygen
does each atom have before and after the oxidation?
(a) the Cr in chromic acid (b) the Cl in sodium hypochlorite
(c) the S in the Swern oxidation (d) the I in the DMP reagent
(e) the carbinol C in the alcohol that is oxidized

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

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