Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
What are various types of
A chemical compound consists of two or more different elements which are bonded with each other through different types of chemical bonds. A chemical bond is an interaction between two atoms that occurs due to valence shell electrons of an atom.
Different types of chemical bonds are:
- Ionic bond
- Covalent bond
- Metallic bond
- Coordination bond
An ionic bond can be defined as the electrostatic force of attraction between cation and anions. Here cation is a positively charged ion which is formed due to loss of electron whereas an anion is formed by the gain of electrons. Because of opposite charges they form a chemical bond with each other called an ionic bond. Since metals tend to lose electrons and form cation whereas non-metals tend to form anions by gaining electrons, therefore, the ionic bond is formed between metals and non-metals like NaBr, CaS, etc.
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