What does MEGA stand for and what is this assay used to determine? How to do perform the assay?

Q: Why are the correct primer sequences essential for successful amplification?

A: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a widely used method in molecular biology that is used to make…

Q: What is the map distance between the two rapid lysis mutations re and r' given the data below? 2…

A: In the question given that, re- rf- X r+ Large plaques= 5200 Small Plaques= 4800 Out of the total…

Q: How can we be sure that the insertion of the therapeutic gene does not harm some other necessary…

A: The Food and Drug Administration still has not approved any human gene therapy product. Current gene…

Q: What is a forward genetic screen?

A: Genetics is a division of biology that includes study of heredity, genes and genetic variation.…

Q: How can the binding assay approach be utilized to match coding triplets with their amino acid…

A: Live cells use the genetic code to turn information encoded in genetic material (DNA or mRNA codon…

Q: What is the purpose of the targeting vector?

A: In molecular cloning, vector is a segment of DNA molecule, which is used as an artificial carrier of…

Q: What are the steps in making an mRNA vaccine?

A: mRNA vaccines combine ideal immunological houses with an exceptional protection profile and the…

Q: what is CRISPR Cas9 and the process of it in the human body?

A: CRISPR Cas9:              A unique genome editing techno tool which enables researchers worldwide to…

Q: What are recombinant proteins? How do bioreactors help in their production?

A: The study that involves the molecular level activities that occur in living beings is called…

Q: Define the Gene-targeting methods ?

A: Gene targeting method can be defined as the genetic engineering technique which uses the…

Q: Describe the method of pronuclear injection to generate transgenic mice?

A: Transgenic mice are produced by putting DNA in their genome from another source. There are a number…

Q: What is the receptor for the targeting sequence?

A: Proteins synthesized by ribosomes include soluble and membrane proteins of the Endoplasmic Reticulum…

Q: Define the therapeutic gene?

A: Gene is a functional unit of heredity. A gene is a sequence of nucleotides in genome that codes for…

Q: What are Gene-knockout experiments?

A: Gene-knockout:              A genetic technique in which one of an organism's genes is made…

Q: What is meant by the term genetic testing? How do testing at theprotein level and testing at the DNA…

A: Medical genetics is one of the branches of medicine, which involves the management and diagnosis of…

Q: What is double-knockout animals (DKOs) ?

A: Gene is the basic unit of heredity of an organism. In most animals, Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is…

Q: What percentage of cells in an organ or a tissue need toexpress a therapeutic gene to alleviate the…

A: Gene therapy is the method that involves the insertion of DNA or sequence of DNA in the cells of the…

Q: Can you develop a siRNA-based technology to treat COVID-19? If so, please provide the details on the…

A: YES,according to me this insight seams to be reasonable. siRNA or small interfering RNA is a non…

Q: How are molecular probes prepared?

A: Molecular probes are small segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA), which…

Q: What is the function of the CRISPR/Cas system? What are the ethical impacts of a technology such as…

A: Genetic and molecular biology is the study of genetic information such as the genetic material,…

Q: Why is DNA microarray an important tool and explain How is DNA microarray used in detecting cancer?

A: DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer of deoxyribonucleotides connected together via…

Q: What is the difference between somatic gene therapy and germ-line gene therapy?

A: Gene is a functional unit of heredity. A gene is a sequence of nucleotides in genome that codes for…

Q: How can the binding assay technique be used to assign coding triplets to the corresponding amino…

A: Different triplet corresponds to different amino acids. In this method, an amino acid that is…

Q: What are knockout mice, how are they produced, and for what are they used?

A: The gene knockout is a mechanism in which one of the genes of an organism is made inoperative. The…

Q: Who developed the sequencing-bysynthesis (SBS) approach? & When it was firstly used ?

A: Sequencing by synthesis (SBS), an Illumina sequencing method, is a commonly used next-generation…

Q: What is the role of a vector in gene therapy?

A: Gene therapy is based on the premise that replacement of a disease-causing gene with the healthy…

Q: How long is the COI gene?

A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present in the DNA molecule. It encodes information for the…

Q: How do you target a specific gene?

A: Step 1 Gene targeting is the process of mutating or altering a specific gene locus in embryonic stem…

Q: What is Taq polymerase and why is it important?

A: DNA Polymerase is a very important enzyme in the process of DNA Replication. It is a process in…

Q: Explain the Triplet Binding Assay ?

A: Introduction  In 1964, two eminent scientists Marshall W. Nirenberg and Philip Leder carried out the…

Q: What are the main procedures involved in a western blot?

A: BASIC INFORMATION WESTERN BLOT This process is used to find some specific type of proteins which are…

Q: What is the map distance between the two rapid lysis mutations re and rf given the data below? 2…

A: Hint: Always less numbered progeny becomes recombinants. In the question given that, re- rf- X r+…

Q: Why are specific RNA-primers needed? How are they created, used, and deleted?

A: DNA replication is a process that occurs in all living organisms. In this process, DNA strands of…

Q: Why is it necessary to examine gene-expression profiles, in additionto genome sequences, for…

A: Gene expression profiling is the analysis of the behaviour of thousands of genes at once to…

Q: During the first successful gene therapy trial in which Ashanti DeSilva was treated for SCID, did…

A: Gene therapy is the process by which defective or non-functional gene can be replaced by a normal…

Q: What are conditional knockout mice?

A: A knockout mouse (conventional knockout) is a genetically modified mouse in which the researchers…

Q: What are DNA probes and for what are they used?

A: The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a hereditary material that is found in almost all living…

Q: How does positional cloning work and What is the basic principle of positional cloning?

A: Positional cloning is a technique used in laboratories for locating the position of…

Q: Which vector is used to replace the defective gene in gene therapy?

A: Gene therapy focuses on utilizing the nucleic acids as a drug to treat cancer and other genetic…

Q: What is the purpose of transgenesis?

A: Genetic engineering is the process of using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology to alter the genetic…

Q: In ELISPOT Assay, explain the importance of adding  stimulus to the 96-well plate during the…

A: ELISPOT assay is an Enzyme-Linked Immune adsorbent Spot assay that is used for testing cellular…

Q: How do you design a reporter assay for Serpina1?

A: The gene has two parts. The first is the coding sequence which gets transcribed to RNA and…

Q: How is a specific probe obtained?

A: Probe is a single-stranded sequence of DNA or RNA used to search for its complementary sequence in a…

Q: What is the Ames test and how is it carried out? What assumption concerning mutagenicity and…

A: Mutagens are chemical compounds that cause changes in the DNA. These changes are irreversible and…

Q: What is an ORF and how is it determined?

A: DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer of deoxyribonucleotides connected together via a…

Q: Why might adding a topoisomerase enzyme increase the sensitivity of an RT-Lamp assay. Would you…

A: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay is used for the detection of…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.