Which is the usual order of a viral replication cycle when it is making new virions? O Host recognition > replication > entry > uncoating > release O Uncoating > host recognition > replication > entry > release O Prophase > metaphase > anaphase > telophase > cytokinesis Host recognition > entry > uncoating > replication > release
Q: A virologist develops a drug that specifically targets step 5 of the reproductive cycle of an…
A: The viral life cycle consists of six stages such as - (i) Attachment (ii) Penetration (iii)…
Q: Which type of virus is shown here? head -capsid - viral DNA -sheath tail tobacco mosaic virus HIV…
A: Viruses are microscopic acellular organisms that form an intermediate group between living and non…
Q: In electron micrographs of HSV infection, it can be seen that the intact virus initially reacts with…
A: The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an infection that causes herpes in various parts of the body that…
Q: The envelope of an animal virus is usually derived from the _____ of its host cell. a. cell wall c.…
A: Animals, plants, and even microorganisms like archaea and bacteria are infected by viruses. In many…
Q: Refer to the illustration below, Identify the part that is labelled B A B. О Нead Capsid O capsomere…
A: Infection refers to the entry of microorganisms into a host body followed by the multiplication of…
Q: Viral “spikes” are usually involved in A. Uncoating the virus particle B. Killing the host cell…
A: The small microscopic organisms that cannot be seen with the naked eye are called microorganisms or…
Q: Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning viral envelopes? O Only viruses with envelopes…
A: Introduction:- Viruses are small obligate intracellular parasites, which contain either RNA or DNA…
Q: How do the following types of viruses replicate (where does replication occur within the host cell,…
A: Viruses are the most cunning organisms and can be really harmful once it enters into the body. The…
Q: While a prophage genome is integrated into the host cell chromosome, it is O temperate. latent and…
A: Viruses are small infectious agents that only multiply inside live cells.
Q: more than 1 answer) Which of the following statement is (are) correct RNA viruses replicate in the…
A:
Q: All of the following are characteristics of a virus with a promiscuous host range EXCEPT: Binding…
A: NOTE: Thanks for mentioning which answers you needed. Virus Virus is small infectious particles…
Q: A prophage occurs during the reproduction cycle of Select one: O A. A lysogenic virus. O B. Alytic…
A: Viruses possess two types of life cycle: lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle. The lysogenic cycle of…
Q: What happens to individual Vaccinia viral particles that do not possess the genes necessary to…
A: As we know that viruses are simple, noncellular entities consist of either DNA or RNA enclosed in a…
Q: During viral infection, attachment is usually specific to a particular celltype becausea. the virus…
A: Viruses do not come under the categories of Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes as they exhibit the dual…
Q: Which type of interaction is least harmful to the host?
A: BASIC INFORMATION VIRUS They are obligate parasites. They are very small in size that is about 20…
Q: The viral infection process can be: dependent on the cell type. linked to membrane fusion…
A: Infection is defined as the invasion and multiplication of harmful microorganisms within the host…
Q: Which of the following is a possible result of viral infection in eukaryotic host cells? O 1)…
A: Viruses can be defined as extremely microscopic infective agents that do not possess metabolic…
Q: Please match the definition. 1. Layers that surround the virus, giving it an exact shape that will…
A: Viruses are the link between living and non-living as they are normally non-living crystal in the…
Q: The lipid content of an enveloped virus is produced from O freely available tipids viral made…
A: Virus is a microscopic organism which contains a protective coat and the nucleic acid. It doesn’t…
Q: What happens immediately following uncoating of a minus strand RNAvirus? O Transcription of MRNA…
A: This is majorly found in some viruses , where uncoating is found that means genome is completely…
Q: Which type of virus would not need a viral enzyme for transcription? retrovirus |ds RNA ss (+) sense…
A: Microorganisms are the ones which can be seen only under a microscope. Mostly they are unicellular…
Q: Refer to the illustration below, Identify the part that is labelled C TA C О Нead Capsid O tail O…
A: Viruses are infectious organisms that are neither considered living or nonliving due to the fact…
Q: Host specificity of a virus is due to 1) similarities in size between the virus and the host cell.…
A: Viruses are intracellular parasites that are obligate. A virus must bind to a "living cell" that can…
Q: In addition to shared components of all viruses, enveloped viruses have which structure that non-…
A: Viruses are microscopic structures that are smaller than bacteria and can be viewed only using an…
Q: Influenza virus uses______ which is found in the envelope spikes, to adhere to the host cell"
A: * Influenza virus will attacks respiratory system by entering the nose, throat and lungs. *Influenza…
Q: This type of viral lifecycle(s) is displayed [Choose ] by the Lambda bacteriophage. [Choose ] Lytic…
A: The phage DNA enters the host cell by attachment and penetration during the lysogenic cycle. The…
Q: An active viral infection cycle that produces a large number of new virions and ultimately causes…
A: Virus are the tiny entities even smaller than the bacteria that are capable of causing infection…
Q: All viral genomes contain nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA but not both. Viral replication is the…
A: Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites which depends on host translational and transcriptional…
Q: the following are the functions of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? i) it hydrolyzes the host…
A: Retrovirus This virus uses RNA as its genomic material. This virus inserts a copy of its genome into…
Q: How do viruses recognize their hosts to infect them? They bind receptors on the host cell surface…
A: AVirus is a microscopic infectious agent which binds to the living cells and replicate and thus,…
Q: Which one of the options shown below is a common mechanism of entry in some enveloped viruses?…
A: Viruses are tiny infectious agents that can cause a wide range of diseases in humans, animals, and…
Q: How do parvoviruses “trick” the host DNA polymerase into replicating their genomes? Why must this…
A: DNA's full form is deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is the main constituent of the chromosome. It contains…
Q: we can stop the biosynthesis stage of the viral life cycle (not the stages before it) by…
A: The virus life cycle in a host involves few stages: they are: Aattachment of phage to the surface…
Q: In contrast to (unlike) non-enveloped/naked viruses, ENVELOPED viruses O Can enter host cells by…
A: Answer is (a), Can enter host cell by fusion. Enveloped viruses enter cell by fusion whereas non…
Q: Viruses are able to only infect the cells of very specific species Which of the following host cell…
A: Viruses are the obligate parasite. They behave as living when they infects the living organism.
Q: Polyomavirus and Papillomavirus, which is NOT correct? are circular dsDNA are icosahedral capsid…
A: Viruses are the microscopic infectious agents. They are living inside a host body and non living…
Q: Number the following stages in viral replication from 1 to 5 to show the correct order: replication…
A: Introduction The production of biological viruses throughout the infection process in the target…
Q: which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which viruses can damage the human body (ie- harm us)?…
A: A virus is a small infectious pathogen that multiplies only within an organism's live cells. Viruses…
Q: Which host cell function is essential for the reproduction of all viruses
A: Viruses are the obligate parasites.
Q: Shape of a virus is determined by its envelope. Select one: O True O False
A: An infection is an infectious agent of small size and basic composition that can duplicate just in…
Q: Which of these is not a general pattern of virus morphology?a. enveloped, helical b. naked,…
A: Virus is generally a nucleoprotein and ultramicroscopic entity which only becomes active inside a…
Q: The viral envelope is made up of _______. A. Lipids and Proteins B. Proteins C. Glycoproteins…
A:
Q: Which statement below is FALSE with regard to why viruses are not considered cell O viruses do not…
A: First statement: Viruses don't grow and divide but can be assembled from viral components within the…
Q: Describe each way viruses may be classified. And Define each of the following parts of a virus,…
A: Capsid - A capsid is a virus's protein coating that encases its genetic material. It is built up of…
Q: Which of the following terms is used for the stage of viral replication primarily responsible for…
A: Viruses are infectious agents that are tiny in size. Viruses are obligatory intracellular parasitic…
Q: During which step in a viral infection/replication cycle would you expect expression of viral genes…
A: Viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens that lack cell machinery of their own and entirely…
Q: In the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage the host membrane ruptures, releasing many phages. the host…
A: Bacteriophage are those viruses that infect bacteria.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Arrange the following list into the correct sequence for part of the cycle of a retrovirus: 1. dsDNA integrated into host DNA 2.viral proteins synthesized on host ribosomes 3. viral DNA uses host enzymes to transcribe viral RNA 4. reverse transcriptase catalyzes synthesis of ssDNA 5. synthesis of second DNA strand (a) 5, 2, 1, 3, 4 (b) 5, 2, 3, 4, 1 (c) 4, 5, 1, 3, 2 (d) 4, 1, 2, 3, 5 (e) 2, 1, 3, 4, 5Figure 17.6 Influenza virus is packaged in a viral envelope, which fuses with the plasma membrane. This way, the virus can exit the host cell without killing it. What advantage does the virus gain by keeping the host cell alive?A viral mutation that causes changes in the glycoprotein spikes would affect which aspect of the virus? The virus would become lysogenic and incorporate its genome into the host cell genome. The virus would enter the host by a combination of endocytosis and fusion. The virus would lose its viral envelope and become a naked virus. The virus would attach to different host cells and its host range would be altered. The viral genome would not require uncoating once inside the host cell.
- A viral mutation that causes changes in the glycoprotein spikes would affect which aspect of the virus? The virus would become lysogenic and incorporate its genome into the host cell genome. The virus would enter the host by a combination of endocytosis and fusion. The virus would lose its viral envelope and become a naked virus. The virus would adsorb to different host cells and its host range would be altered. The viral genome would not require uncoating once inside the host cell.Which of the following statements are correct for RNA viruses? Mark all that apply. A.Replication requires reverse transcriptase B. Uncoating must occur for the virus to be replicated C.The genome consists of two identical strands of ssRNA D.Replication requires RNA dependent RNA polymerase E. The viral DNA acts as a template for production of viral proteins F.Protease enzyme is required for biosynthesis and maturation of virions G. A provirus stage occurs during viral replicationDuring viral infection, attachment is usually specific to a particular celltype becausea. the virus is attracted to the appropriate host cells by proteinssecreted into the extracellular fluid.b. the virus recognizes and binds to specific molecules in thecytoplasm of the host cell.c. the virus recognizes and binds to specific molecules on the surfaceof the host cell.d. the host cell produces channel proteins that provide passageways forviruses to enter the cytoplasm.e. the virus releases specific proteins that make holes in the membranelarge enough for the virus to enter.
- The general steps in a viral multiplication cycle area. adsorption, penetration, synthesis, assembly, and releaseb. endocytosis, replication, assembly, and buddingc. adsorption, duplication, assembly, and lysisd. endocytosis, penetration, replication, maturation, and exocytosisWhich statement is true of viral replication? A) virus attaches to a specific receptor site on the host-cell membrane. B) Once inside the cell, the viral capsid is degraded, and the viral nucleic acid is released. C) Virus uses the host cell’s machinery to replicate and new virus particles are released. D) All of the abovewe can stop the biosynthesis stage of the viral life cycle (not the stages before it) by preventing/inhibiting: A) fusion of the envelope and the plasma membrane B) replication and expression of viral nucleic acid/genome C) the virus's attachment molecules from binding to the host cell receptor D) new copies of viral nucleic acid from combining with newly made viral proteins E)budding
- Match the terms 1Genome surrounded by a protein coat 2Functional viral particle capable to infect a new host cell 3Infectious protein 4Infectious agent that needs helper virus for infection 5T4 enzyme that creates holes in the E. coli plasma membrane 6When a temperate phage stimulates their bacterial host tostart producing a toxin (e.g. cholera, shiga) 7Virus that infects bacteria 8Hand N spikes 9Virus without an envelope 10Most common and best studies virulent phage of E. coli 11Protein coat that surrounds viral genome 12:true or false : some viruses can cause cancer [ Choose ] lambda True pathogenic stimulation False Nucleocapsid lysosome Naked virus induction lysozyme Flu viruses tobacco mosaic virus lysogeny capsid Lysogenic conversion Holin Prion satellite bacteriophage (or just phage) T4 Virion StreptococcusAt which stage of viral infection did these mutations most likely occur? a.) Attachment b.) Entry c.) Uncoating d.) Protein syntheis e.) Genome replicaton f.) Assembly g.) ExitHow do the following types of viruses replicate (where does replication occur within the host cell, what types of enzymes are involved) c. Positive sense RNA d. Negative sense RNA e. Retroviruses