Which of the following are correct about C 4 Cycle and C 4 plants? P. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase is located in to thylakoid membrane of chloroplast. Q. Malate or aspartate is transported to the bundle sheath cells. R. Photorespiration is higher in C 4 plants. S. RuBisCo is found in the bundle sheath. Q and S P and Q R and S P, Q and R
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- Pfr, the active state of _______________, forms when red light is absorbed. (a) photosystem I (b) phytochrome (c) far-red light (d) phototropin (e) cryptochromeWhere in plant cells does the Calvin cycle take place? a. thylakoid membrane b. thylakoid space c. stroma d. granumMelvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis by exposing the green alga Chlorella to CO2 labeled with the radioisotope carbon 14. By looking at which compounds the C14 ended up in, they were able to identify all intermediates in this cyclic pathway. Why did they predict correctly that the same set of intermediates would be formed in the light reaction in land plants?
- ATP is produced when protons (H+) flow down the gradient through the H+ channel/ATP synthase in the thylakoid membrane. A researcher discovers a drug that slows down the passage of protons through the H+ channel/ATP synthase. What is expected to happen if this drug is applied to the chloroplasts? The pH in the chloroplast stroma will increase, and less ATP will be produced. The pH in the chloroplast stroma will decrease, and less ATP will be produced. The pH in the chloroplast stroma will increase, and more ATP will be produced. The pH in the chloroplast stroma will decrease, and more ATP will be produced.Which of the following changes would decrease ATP production in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis? a. decreasing the pH of the thylakoid lumen b. decreasing the pH of the chloroplast stroma c. increasing the concentration of NADP+ in the chloroplast stroma d. making the thylakoid membrane freely permeable to protons by adding a proton channel e. two of the above would decrease ATP productionWhat is the BEST explanation for why thylakoid membranes are flat and stacked? A. to fit more into a chloroplast B. to increase surface area for light absorption and cross- membrane traffic C. to increase the color of the leaf as camouflage from herbivores D. to hold more ATP
- The use of the C4 pathway for initial carbon fixation (CO2 into a 4C compound) I. occurs only in plants with specialized leaf anatomy containing bundle sheath cells surrounded by a ring of mesophyll cells II. occurs during the day in CAM plants III. reduces the problems of photorespiration by isolating the enzyme PEP carboxylase from high levels of dissolved O2The first step of the light reactions is the transfer (powered by solar energy) of an electron to the primary electron acceptor within photosystem proteins of the: a. Thylakoid membrane b. Intermembrane space of a chloroplast c. Stroma of a chloroplast d. Cell membrane of a mesophyll cellWhy is turgor pressure a property of plant cells?a. Plant cells possess the necessary chloroplasts.b. Plant cells possess a cell wall, necessary for formation of turgor.c. Plant cells possess mitochondria, which provide the ATP needed forturgor.d. All of the above are true.e. None of the above are true.
- A) The concentration of CO2 is lower inside a plant cell than in the atmosphere (outside the cell). In your own words, describe how the CO2 levels are kept low inside the plant cell and explain why this is necessary. Assume stomata are open. B) Regarding the situation presented in Part A and assuming that the stomata of the plant leaves are closed, would this favour the induction of photorespiration in a C3 plant? Explain. Make reference to relevant molecule or molecules as needed. Please clearly label your responses as A and BIn the light-dependent reactions, what accumulates in the thylakoid compartment of chloroplasts? a. sugars c. O2 b. hydrogen ions d. CO2In the photosynthesis lab, a group of students found that in the blue light condition, there was a change in absorbance (ΔA620) of 0.324 in extracted spinach chloroplasts. The students later went on a hike and located a plant they had never seen before and were interested in how the photosynthesis rates would compare to their experiment with spinach chloroplasts. They extracted chloroplasts of the unknown green-leaved plant and exposed them to the same experimental conditions as before. The students calculated the ΔA620 to be 0.100. Which plant (spinach or unknown) has the highest rate of photosynthesis? Explain your answer using evidence, being sure to demonstrate your understanding of the dependent variable.