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- Why do firms hedge their risk and what determines the choice of contract for hedging? Also examine the risk of hedging.
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- Define consideration. Can consideration be illegal for a binding contract? Can consideration be modified in a contract? Is that ethical?need detailed answer Which type of derivative reduces risk the most? Group of answer choices A. An options contact. B. A commercial paper contract. C. A futures contract. D. A forward contract.b)Rachel’s objective is to maximize the expected profit, subject to that Emma works for Racheland Emma puts effort. However, effort level is not observable. Hence, Rachel needs to writea contract based on the observables. Let’s say, Rachel pays Emma based on the outcome: xLwhen the profit is $0, xM when the profit is $2000, and xH when the profit is $3,000. ThenEmma has three options:(i) Not to work for Rachel(ii) Work for Rachel without effort(iii) Work for Rachel with effortFind Emma’s expected utility on each optionc)ssuming Rachel wants Emma to put effort, her objective essentially becomes to find thelowest contingent payment scheme that is just enough for Emma to work for Rachel, andgives an incentive for Emma to put effort. Formally, we can write this as:min 0.1xL + 0.3xM + 0.6xH ,subject to0.1√xL + 0.3√xM + 0.6√xH − 5 ≥ 15, (1)and0.1√xL + 0.3√xM + 0.6√xH − 5 ≥ 0.6√xL + 0.3√xM + 0.1√xH . (2)What is Constraint (1) called? What is Constraint (2) called?d) or your information, the…
- In a principal-agent problem, if the contract implies that the more risk-averse agent will bear less risk, we can say that this contract exhibits A.risk sharing is not optimal because the less risk-averse (or risk-neutral) agent should bear none of the risk. B.efficiency in risk-bearing. C.risk sharing is not optimal because risk-neutral agents should face no risk. D.risk sharing is not optimal because all risk should be transferred to the most risk-averse agent.Before 1972, futures trading was dominated by agricultural commodities. The spectacular growth of financial futures now accounts for approximately 50% of all futures trading. Why are they so popular? Is there any risk? Which industry dominates the market?Portray a utility function for money that “explains” why a person might buy a lottery ticket (and therefore appears risk acceptant) and also pur- chase a homeowner’s insurance policy (appearing risk averse).
- 1. Consider an insurance contract with the premium r=$200 and payout q=$800 a.) John has healthy-state income IH = $900 and sick-state income IS = $100. He has a probability of illness p = 0.2. Is the contract fair and/or full for John? b.) What is John’s expected income without this insurance contract? What is John’s expected income with this insurance contract?A buyer or seller must consider a number of risks when evaluating whether a long-term contract is necessary or even desirable. Three primary questions must be asked when developing a long-term contract and considering the risks: What is the potential for opportunism? In other words, how likely is the supplier to take advantage of the purchaser (or vice versa)? Is this the right supplier to engage in a long-term contract? C.Is there a fair distribution of risk and gains between the parties involved?which of the following describes tailing the hedge? a) a more exact calculation of the hedge ratio when futures contracts are used for hedging b) a strategy where the hedge position is increased at the end of the life of the hedge c) a strategy where the hedge position is increased at the end of the life of the futures contract d) a strategy works in derivatives markets
- The manager of XYZ Company is introducing a new product that will yield $1,000 in profits if the economy does not go into a recession. However, if a recession occurs, demand for the normal good will fall so sharply that the company will lose $4,000. If economists project that there is a 10 percent chance the economy will go into a recession, what are the expected profits to XYZ Company of introducing the new product? How risky is the introduction of the new product?The debt holders’ payoff in a firm has the shape of the payoff on a put option. True or false . ExplainYou are evaluating the possibility that your company bids $150,000 for a particular construction job. (a) If a bid of $150,000 corresponds to a relative bid of 1.20, what is the dollar profit that your company would make from winning the job with this bid? Show your work. (b) Calculate an estimate of the expected profit of the bid of $150,000 for this job. Assume that, historically, 55 percent of the bids of an average bidder for this type of job would exceed the bid ratio of 1.20. Assume also that you are bidding against three other construction companies. Show your work.
