You have four sequences from A-D representing four species:   A: AAATTGATTAC B: TAATTGGTTAC C: AAATTGGTTGA D: AAATTGATTGA   A is your outgroup. Take a piece of paper and illustrate the three possible trees that are different from each other.  1) Answer the question of why there are only three trees. Aren't there more trees possible? 2) Mark the changes in nucleotides that happen among the four species on the trees or write them down separately. Then calculate the shortest possible tree. This is the most parsimonious option. Which one is it? 3) Why does this tree not necessarily depict the true relationship among the four species?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
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ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
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Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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You have four sequences from A-D representing four species:

 

A: AAATTGATTAC

B: TAATTGGTTAC

C: AAATTGGTTGA

D: AAATTGATTGA

 

A is your outgroup. Take a piece of paper and illustrate the three possible trees that are different from each other. 

1) Answer the question of why there are only three trees. Aren't there more trees possible?

2) Mark the changes in nucleotides that happen among the four species on the trees or write them down separately. Then calculate the shortest possible tree. This is the most parsimonious option. Which one is it?

3) Why does this tree not necessarily depict the true relationship among the four species?

Illustrate and answer all questions on paper. Then take a picture of the paper with your cell phone. Make sure everything is in focus, i.e., go over the picture and take it again, if necessary. All your answers and the trees need to be clearly visible.

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