You throw up a basketball vertically into the air, and your friend shoots an arrow horizontally with speed vi at top of the basketball's trajectory where it momentarily comes to rest. The arrow passes through center-of-mass of the ball. Assuming the collision takes place over a short time ∆t, what is the average force of the arrow on the ball during the collision, expressed in terms of m (mass arrow), M (mass ball), ∆t, and vi ?

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