Concept explainers
Interpretation:
From the description of the element fluorine given below, the physical and chemical properties have to be identified.
“Fluorine is a pale-yellow corrosive gas that reacts with practically all substances. Finely divided metals, glass, ceramics, carbon and even water burn in fluorine with a bright flame. Small amounts of compounds of this element in drinking water and toothpaste prevent dental cavities. The free element has a melting point of
Concept Introduction:
Chemical property:
The property that describes the reactivity of a material and in the process forms new and different substances.
Physical property:
The property that can be measured without changing the composition of the sample.
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Chemistry: Principles and Practice
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- In the following description of the element bromine, identify which of the properties are chemical and which are physical. Bromine is one of the few elements that is a liquid at room temperature. It is an acrid-smelling substance that reacts readily with most metals. It evaporates easily, so most containers of bromine are filled with visible amounts of red fumes. Most bromine is obtained from sodium bromide, a compound found in salt beds.arrow_forwardWhich of the following represent physical properties or changes, and which represent chemical properties or changes? You curl your hair with a curling iron. You curl your hair by getting a “permanent wave” at the hair salon. Ice on your sidewalk melts when you put salt on it. A glass of water evaporates overnight when it is left on the bedside table. Your steak chars if the skillet is too hot. Alcohol feels cool when it is spilled on the skin. Alcohol ignites when a flame is brought near it. Baking powder causes biscuits to rise.arrow_forwardAll of the following processes involve a separation of either a mixture into substances or a compound into elements. For each, decide whether a physical process or a chemical reaction is required. a Sodium metal is obtained from the substance sodium chloride. b Iron filings are separated from sand by using a magnet. c Sugar crystals are separated from a sugar syrup by evaporation of water. d Fine crystals of silver chloride are separated from a suspension of the crystals in water. e Copper is produced when zinc metal is placed in a solution of copper(II) sulfate, a compound.arrow_forward
- Which of the following are chemical changes? Which are physical changes? a. the cutting of food b. interaction of food with saliva and digestive enzymes c. proteins being broken down into amino acids d. complex sugars being broken down into simple sugars e. making maple syrup by heating maple sap to remove water through evaporation f. DNA unwindingarrow_forwardThe following are properties of substances. Decide whether each is a physical property or a chemical property. a Chlorine gas liquefies at 35C under normal pressure. b Hydrogen burns in chlorine gas. c Bromine melts at 7.2C. d Lithium is a soft, silvery-colored metal. e Iron rusts in an atmosphere of moist air.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are compounds, and which are elements? aNa2S bBr2 cPotassium hydroxide dFluorine eCompound or element fCompound or elementarrow_forward
- Classify each of the following properties of the metal magnesium as a physical property or a chemical property. a. Solid at room temperature b. Ignites upon heating in air c. Hydrogen gas is produced when it is dissolved in acids d. Has a density of 1.738 g/cm3 at 20Carrow_forwardIn the accompanying photo, you see a crystal of the mineral calcite surrounded by piles of calcium and carbon, two of the elements that combine to make the mineral. (The other element combined in calcite is oxygen.) Based on the photo, describe some of the physical properties of the elements and the mineral. Are any properties the same? Are any properties different? Calcite (the transparent, cube-like crystal) and two of its constituent elements, calcium (chips) and carbon (black grains). The calcium chips are covered with a thin film of calcium oxide.arrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following samples of matter is a heterogeneous mixture, a homogeneous mixture, a compound, or an element. a. a colorless gas, only part of which reacts with hot iron b. a uniform red liquid with a boiling point of 60C that cannot be broken down into simpler substances using chemical means c. a yellow solid, all of which melts at a temperature of 45C to produce a liquid that decomposes upon further heating d. a single-phase liquid that completely evaporates without decomposition when heated to produce a gas that can be separated into simpler components using physical meansarrow_forward
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