Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Mutation is defined as the sudden unpredictable change in the sequence of DNA. It results in an alteration in DNA sequence. Mutation is caused by environmental factors such as ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, chemical agents such as sodium azide, bromine and so on.
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If this model continues, with no major changes to the environment, what do you expect to happen?
A) rabbits will continue to get lighter over time
B) there is no way to predict because mutations are random
C) mutations will all die out leaving only the original fur color
D) dark gray fur will become the common phenotype because it favors survival
Are gene mutations caused by selective pressures in the environment? In other words, do gene mutations arise in an organism out of need or want?
Group of answer choices
A. No, because gene mutations are not purely random.
B. Yes, because gene mutations are not purely random.
C. No, because gene mutations are purely random.
D. Yes, because gene mutations are purely random.
Mutations cause variations among individuals. If these variations provide an advantage to individuals, then the resulting traits are known as adaptations. Which of the following statements about adaptations is incorrect?
A. They are structural or physiological in nature.
B. They modify the behaviour of organisms.
C. They provide a selective advantage in any environment.
D .They increase reproductive success of organisms.
Chapter 1 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 1.1 - Describe the source of the energy stored In the...Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 1.1 - explain why these characteristics are necessary to...Ch. 1.1 - describe how reproduction allows evolution to...Ch. 1.1 - The Boundaries of Life Are viruses alive? Viruses...Ch. 1.2 - explain what mutations are, how they occur, what...Ch. 1.2 - explain how natural processes lead inevitably to...Ch. 1.2 - describe how a new species can be produced by...Ch. 1.2 - The largest dinosaurs were plant-eaters. Based on...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 1CYL
Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 1.3 - describe the fundamental differences between...Ch. 1.3 - What current, ongoing environmental change is...Ch. 1.4 - describe the principles underlying science?Ch. 1.4 - outline the scientific method?Ch. 1.4 - explain why controls are crucial in biological...Ch. 1.4 - explain why fundamental scientific principles are...Ch. 1.4 - distinguish between inductive and deductive...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 1TCCh. 1.4 - Fruit flies, bacteria from hot springs, sea...Ch. 1.4 - The Boundaries of Life If viruses aren't a form of...Ch. 1 - Evolution is a. a belief. b. a scientific theory....Ch. 1 - Prob. 2MCCh. 1 - Prob. 3MCCh. 1 - Prob. 4MCCh. 1 - Which one of the following is True? a. The...Ch. 1 - Organisms respond to ________. Organisms acquire...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 1 - Prob. 1RQCh. 1 - Prob. 2RQCh. 1 - Prob. 3RQCh. 1 - Prob. 4RQCh. 1 - What are some differences between prokaryotic and...Ch. 1 - What basic principles underlie scientific inquiry?Ch. 1 - Prob. 7RQCh. 1 - Prob. 8RQCh. 1 - Explain the differences between inductive and...Ch. 1 - List the steps in the scientific method with a...Ch. 1 - What misunderstanding causes some people to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2ACCh. 1 - Review Alexander Flemings experiment that led to...Ch. 1 - Prob. 4ACCh. 1 - Prob. 5AC
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- Which of the following does not support the idea of descent with modification? A. Organisms and the cells that they are composed of arise from DNA B. When organisms reproduce they generate new copies of DNA to pass down to their offspring C. We inherit traits from our ancestors because in possess molecules of their DNA that you received from your parents D. In the process of DNA replication, mutations occur with the goal of increasing an organism's fitnessarrow_forwardThe fact that DNA sequences are more similar in more closely related organisms is evidence of what? a. optimal design in organisms b. adaptation c. mutation d. descent with modificationarrow_forwardEvolution is based on which of the following concepts? (a) organisms share a common origin (b) over time, organisms have diverged from a common ancestor (c) an animals body parts can change over its lifetime, and these acquired changes are passed to the next generation (d) a and b (e) a, b, and carrow_forward
- Which of the following is true about adaptation? a) It occurs through the inheritance of acquired characteristics b) It always results in the evolution of new traits c) It is a result of chance mutations d) It is the result of natural selection acting on heritable variationarrow_forwardWith regard to biological evolution, which of the following statements is incorrect? Explain why.A. During its lifetime, an animal evolves to become better adaptedto its environment.B. The process of biological evolution has produced species thatare better adapted to their environments.C. When an animal is better adapted to its environment, the process of natural selection makes it more likely that the animalwill reproduce.arrow_forwardWhy was Jean Baptiste Lamarck wrong about the mechanism of evolution? A. Because giraffes haven't evolved in billions of years. B. Because individuals do not pass on any traits that they acquire during their lifetime. C. Because individuals can change their traits during their lifetime and pass on those traits to their offpsring. D. Because he misunderstood the structure of DNA.arrow_forward
- How does the study of the field of archaeology help one to study evolution? a. Look for patterns in evolution b. To study human emotions c. To study evidence of fossil records d. To understand Darwin's theory of evolutionarrow_forwardWhat is an example of neutral evolution in humans? A. Eye Color B. Humans do not have any traits that undergo neutral evolution C. Skin Color D. Blood Typesarrow_forwardEvolutionary Thought: answer the question in essay form. Explain the benefits, effects, and contributions of the Five Agents of Evolutionary Changearrow_forward
- Imagine that some lizards from both islands are brought to a laboratory and lizards from each population are separately bred for a generation. The offspring resemble their parents (i.e. they look like lizards from their home island). Does this support or contradict the idea that evolution has occurred? Group of answer choices a. support because it implies that a genetic change has occurred b. contradict because the lizards were removed from the islands c. support because the phenotype matches the environment d. contradict because the environment is different in the lab e. support because it is a major change in phenotypearrow_forwardEvolutionary biologists often say that evolution “selects for outcomes” not for the particular genetic changes that lead to that adaptive outcome. Given that perspective, is it surprising that different gene mutations might be involved in the evolution of the same trait (such as light skin or adaptation to living in high mountains)? Why or why not?arrow_forwardWhich of the following examples from class show that a mutation can have evolutionary benefits? Group of answer choices C) Hox mutations that lead to legs developing on fruit flies where antennae should be A and B A, B, and C B) Hox mutations leading to limbs with digits forming from lobe fins A) Stickleback fish mutationarrow_forward
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