Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 15SQ
Summary Introduction
To match: Each term with their suitable description.
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Match the terms with the most suitable description. ___ operon a. makes a man out of you ___ Circadian rhythm b. binding site for repressor ___ Barr body c. can be epigenetic ___ differentiation d. inactivated X chromosome ___ mRNA zip code e. controls multiple genes ___ DNA methylation f. localization mechanism ___ eyeless g. speeds transcription ___ activator h. required for eye formation ___ SRY gene i. effect of regulatory loops ___ operator j. cells become specialized
1. (a)
Binding of inducer protein to repressor protein
Gene is switched ON
Gene is switched OFF
Does NOT affect the gene expression
(b)
Repressor protein binding at DNA upstream
Gene is switched ON
Gene is switched OFF
Does NOT affect the gene expression
(c)
Operator is not bound with the repressor
Gene is switched ON
Gene is switched OFF
Does NOT affect the gene expression
1. (a)
Binding of transcription activator protein
Gene is switched ON
Gene is switched OFF
Does NOT affect the gene expression
(b)
the RNA polymerase binds at the promoter region
Gene is switched ON
Gene is switched OFF
Does NOT affect the gene expression
Chapter 10 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 10 - The expression of a gene may depend on _______. a....Ch. 10 - Prob. 2SQCh. 10 - Binding of ______ to _______ in DNA can increase...Ch. 10 - Prob. 4SQCh. 10 - Prob. 5SQCh. 10 - Muscle cells differ from bone cells because...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7SQCh. 10 - Homeotic gene products _______. a. flank a...Ch. 10 - A gene that is knocked out is ________. a. deleted...Ch. 10 - Which of the following includes all of the others?...
Ch. 10 - Prob. 11SQCh. 10 - Effect of Paternal Grandmothers Food Supply on...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2DAACh. 10 - Effect of Paternal Grandmothers Food Supply on...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12SQCh. 10 - A cell with a Barr body is ___ . a. a bacterium b....Ch. 10 - Operons _____. a. only occur in bacteria b. have...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15SQCh. 10 - Why are some genes expressed and some not?Ch. 10 - Prob. 2CTCh. 10 - Almost all calico cats (one is pictured in FIGURE...Ch. 10 - The photos above show flowers from Arabidopsis...
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- The photos below show flowers from two Arabidopsis plants. The plant on the left is wild-type (unmutated); the other carries a mutation that causes its flowers to have sepals and petals instead of stamens and carpels. The mutation inactivated one of the plant's ABC floral identity genes. Refer to Figure 10.8 and decide which gene (A, B, or C) has been inactivated.arrow_forwardGene expression does not vary by ________. a. cell type c. stage of development b. extracellular conditions d. the genetic codearrow_forwardEffect of Paternal Grandmothers Food Supply on Infant Mortality Researchers are investigating long- reaching epigenetic effects of starvation, in part because historical data on periods of famine are widely available. Before the industrial revolution, a failed harvest in one autumn typically led to severe food shortages the following winter. A retrospective study has correlated female infant mortality at certain ages with the abundance of food during the paternal grandmothers childhood. FIGURE 10.12 shows some of the results of this study. FIGURE 10.12 Graph showing the relative risk of early death of a female child, correlated with the age at which her paternal grandmother experienced a winter with a food supply that was scarce (blue) or abundant (red) during childhood. The dotted line represents no difference in risk of morality. A value above the line means an increases risk; one below the line indicates a reduced risk. 3. There was no correlation between early death of a male child and eating habits of his paternal grandmother, hut there was a strong correlation with the eating habits of his paternal grandfather. What does this tell you about the probable location of epigenetic changes that gave rise to these data?arrow_forward
- Effect of Paternal Grandmothers Food Supply on Infant Mortality Researchers are investigating long- reaching epigenetic effects of starvation, in part because historical data on periods of famine are widely available. Before the industrial revolution, a failed harvest in one autumn typically led to severe food shortages the following winter. A retrospective study has correlated female infant mortality at certain ages with the abundance of food during the paternal grandmothers childhood. FIGURE 10.12 shows some of the results of this study. FIGURE 10.12 Graph showing the relative risk of early death of a female child, correlated with the age at which her paternal grandmother experienced a winter with a food supply that was scarce (blue) or abundant (red) during childhood. The dotted line represents no difference in risk of morality. A value above the line means an increases risk; one below the line indicates a reduced risk. 1. Compare the mortality of girls whose paternal grandmothers ate well at age 2 with that of those who experienced famine at the same age. Which girl was more likely to die early? How much more likely was she to die?arrow_forwardEnhanced Spatial Learning in Mice With an Autism Mutation Autism is a neurobiological disorder with symptoms that include impaired social interactions and stereotyped patterns of behavior. Around 10 percent of autistic people have an extraordinary skill or talent such as greatly enhanced memory. Mutations in neuroligin 3, an adhesion protein that connects brain cells to one another, have been associated with autism. One mutation changes amino acid 451 from arginine to cysteine. In 2007, Katsuhiko Tabuchi and his colleagues genetically modified mice to carry the same arginine-to-cysteine substitution in their neuroligin 3. Mice with the mutation had impaired social behavior. To test spatial learning ability, the mice were placed in a water maze: a deep pool of warm water in which a platform is submerged a few millimeters below the surface. The platform is not visible to swimming mice. Mice do not particularly enjoy swimming, so they locate a hidden platform as fast as they can. When tested again, they can remember its location by checking visual cues around the edge of the pool. How quickly they remember the platforms location is a measure of spatial learning ability (FIGURE 15.18). FIGURE 15.18 spatial learning ability in mica mutation in neuroligin 3 (R451C), compared with unmodified (wild-type) mica. 1. In the first, how many days did it take unmodified mice to learn to find the location of the hidden platform within 10 seconds?arrow_forwardWhat might best explain why the incidence of cancer increases as people age? Select one: a. mutations accumulate as people age b. cell division increases as people age c. protein synthesis increases as people age d. telomerase activity increases as people age e. ATP production increases as people agearrow_forward
- Mutations to proto-oncogenes act toa. increase cell division. c. repress oncogenes.b. increase DNA repair. d. decrease cell divisionarrow_forwardMutations ________. a. are always bad b. have variable impacts c. are usually beneficialarrow_forward1. (a) Tryptophan-repressor complex binds to operator Gene is switched ON Gene is switched OFF Does NOT affect the gene expression (b) Operator is not bound with the repressor Gene is switched ON Gene is switched OFF Does NOT affect the gene expressionarrow_forward
- A tumor suppressor genea. inhibits cell division.b. opposes oncogenes.c. prevents cancer.d. is subject to mutations.e. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardmutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes BRCA1 & 2 principally cause with ? (a) nucleotide excision repair (b) translational fidelity (c) transcriptional fidelity (d) regulation of meiotic recombination at the Holiday Junction (e) Double Strand Break repairarrow_forwardThe photos below show flowers from two Arabidopsis plants. One plant is wild-type unmutated; the other carries a mutation in one of its ABC floral identity genes. This mutation causes sepals and petals to form instead of stamens and carpels. Refer to Figure 10.7 to decide which gene A, B, or C has been inactivated by the mutation.arrow_forward
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