Chapter 13, Problem 8P

At a proposed hydroelectric power plant site, the average elevation of headwater is 600m and the tailwater elevation is 480m. The average annual water flow is determined to be equal to that volume flowing through a rectangular channel 4m wide and 0.5m deep and average velocity of 5.5m/s. Assuming the plant will operate 350 days/year, find the energy kwh that the plant site can developed if the hydraulic turbine that will be used has an efficiency of 78% and generator efficiency of 90%. Consider a headwork loss of 4% of the available head.

Design head at China’s Three Gorges Dam, the largest hydropower project in the world, is 80.6 m, and rated power output of each of the 32 turbine generator units is 700 MW. If the efficiency of each of the turbine generator units at full power output is 93.2%, what is the design flow through each turbine?

Water is pumped at a flow rate of 15 m3/s from the lower reservoir through a pipe with a diameter of 1.50 m. How much power does the water need to be powered to produce this much flow?

A hydroelectric power generating system is shown in the figure. Water flows from an upper reservoir to a lower one passing through a turbine at the rate of 187 liters per second. The total length of pipe connecting the two reservoirs is 143 m. The pipe diameter is 376 mm and the Hazen-Williams coefficient is 143. The water surface elevations of reservoirs 1 and 2 are 210 m and 68 m, respectively. Determine the power in kW required by the turbine if it is 79% efficient? Neglect minor losses.  round your answers in 3 decimal places

Water flows through a 7.5 m diameter penstock on a dam at a flow rate of 113 m3/s. The total head available for the turbine is 18.4 m. The specifiic weight of water is 9810 N/m3.   What is the power generated by the turbine?

2.1 A hydro-electric power station has a reservoir area of 2.7 km² and a capacity of 4.6 x 106m³. The effective head of water is 100 metres. The penstock, turbine and generation efficiencies are 95%, 90%, and 85%, respectively. Instructions :round off to 2 decimal places 1. Determine the total electrical energy that can be generated from the power station (kWh). 2. Determine the depth of the reservoir (metres) 3.Determine the fall in reservoir volume level is the load of 100 kW is supplied for 5 hours (%).

Two reservoirs A and B have elevations of 250 m and 100 m, respectively. It is connected by a pipe having adiameter of 250 mm and a length of 100 m. A turbine, with an efficiency of 0.95, which is installed at a point inbetween A and B, is used to supply 233 kW of electric power to a nearby community. If the total head loss as watertravelled from reservoir A to B is 25 m, determine the discharge inside the pipe in liters per second.

(a)Evaluate hydropower plants in terms of social and economic impact with your own evaluation. (b)Hydropower plants could be classified according to the quantity of water, water head, plant capacity, and load characteristics. Categorize the hydropower plants according to the water head.

l. The diversion requirement of a 5-ha farm was estimated to be 10mm/day during peak periods. If the pumping plant has a 60% efficiency, how many kilowatt-hour energy is required to lift water 5 meters?