Concept explainers
(a)
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP): These are the guidelines necessary to create accounting principles for the implementation of financial information reporting in the Country U.
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): IFRS are a set of international accounting standards which are framed, approved, and published by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) for the preparation and disclosure of international financial reports.
To explain: The differences in the presentation of
(b)
To compare: The financial statement terms used by Company L and MJ International
(c)
To discuss: The term ‘revaluation reserves’ reported in equity section by Company L
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Financial & Managerial Accounting
- The financial statements of Harry Ltd and its subsidiary Olivia Ltd have been extracted from their financial records at 30 June 2023 and are presented below. Harry Ltd $ Olivia Ltd $ Sales 839 250 725 000 Cost of goods sold (580 000) (297 500) Gross profit 259 250 427 500 Dividends received 116 250 - Management fee revenue 33 125 Gain on sale of plant 43 750 Less Expenses Administration (38 500) (48 375) Depreciation (30 625) (71 000) Management fee - (33 125) Other expenses (126 375) (96 250) Profit before tax 256 875 178 750 Tax expense (76 875) (52 750) Profit after tax 180 000 126 000 Retained earnings 1 July 2022 399 250 299 000 579 250 425 000 Dividends paid (171 750) (116 250) Retained earnings 30 June 2023 407 500 308 750 Statement of financial position Harry Ltd $ Olivia Ltd $ Shareholders’ equity Retained earnings 407 500 308 750 Share capital 437 500 250 000 Current liabilities Accounts payable 57 875 Tax payable 100 000 31 250 Non-current liabilities Loans 236 000 145 000…arrow_forwardVerizon Communications Inc. is a major telecommunications company in the United States. Two recent balance sheets for Verizon disclosed the following information regarding fixed assets: Verizons revenue for the year was 131,620 million. Assume that the fixed asset turnover ratio for the telecommunications industry averages approximately 1.1. a. Determine Verizons fixed asset turnover ratio. Round to one decimal place. b. Interpret this ratio with respect to the industry average.arrow_forwardThe data shown below were obtained from the financial records of the BST Corporation for the year ended December 31, 2020. Sound Break Corporation Income and Retained Earnings Statement For the year Ended December 31, 2020 Net Sales P1,000,000 Cost of Goods Sold: Inventory, Dec. 31, 2019 P250,000 Purchases 720,000 Total Goods Available P970,000 Inventory 220,000 750,000 Gross Margin on Sales P 250,000 Selling and Administrative (including Depreciation of P20,000)…arrow_forward
- The following are the financial statement Kin Ltd. for the year ended 31 March 2020: Kin Ltd. Income statement For the year ended 31 March 2020 $”M” Revenue 1276.50 Cost of sales (907.00) 369.50 Distribution costs (62.50) Administrative expenses (132.00) 175.00 Interest received 12.50 Interest paid (37.50) 150.00 Tax (70.00) Profit after tax 80.00 Kin Ltd. Statement of financial position as at 31 March 2020 2019 $”M” $”M” ASSETS: Non- current assets: Property, plant and equipment 190 152.5 Intangible assets 125 100 Investments 12.5 Current assets: Inventories 75 51 Receivables 195 157.5 Short-term investment 25 Cash in hand 1 0.5 Total assets 611 474 Equity and liabilities: Equity: Share capital (10 million ordinary shares of $ 10 per value) 100 75 Share premium 80 75 Revolution reserve 50 45.5 Retained earnings 130 90 Non-current liabilities:…arrow_forward[The following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Summary information from the financial statements of two companies competing in the same industry follows. BarcoCompany KyanCompany BarcoCompany KyanCompany Data from the current year-end balance sheets Data from the current year’s income statement Assets Sales $ 770,000 $ 914,200 Cash $ 21,000 $ 34,000 Cost of goods sold 587,100 642,500 Accounts receivable, net 34,400 59,400 Interest expense 9,100 17,000 Merchandise inventory 84,940 132,500 Income tax expense 14,800 25,238 Prepaid expenses 5,400 7,350 Net income 159,000 229,462 Plant assets, net 310,000 307,400 Basic earnings per share 3.79 5.08 Total assets $ 455,740 $ 540,650 Cash dividends per share 3.82 4.01 Liabilities and Equity Beginning-of-year balance sheet data Current…arrow_forwardThe following information applies to the questions displayed below.] Summary information from the financial statements of two companies competing in the same industry follows. BarcoCompany KyanCompany BarcoCompany KyanCompany Data from the current year-end balance sheets Data from the current year’s income statement Assets Sales $ 770,000 $ 914,200 Cash $ 21,000 $ 34,000 Cost of goods sold 587,100 642,500 Accounts receivable, net 34,400 59,400 Interest expense 9,100 17,000 Merchandise inventory 84,940 132,500 Income tax expense 14,800 25,238 Prepaid expenses 5,400 7,350 Net income 159,000 229,462 Plant assets, net 310,000 307,400 Basic earnings per share 3.79 5.08 Total assets $ 455,740 $ 540,650 Cash dividends per share 3.82 4.01 Liabilities and Equity Beginning-of-year balance sheet data Current…arrow_forward
- The following information is available from the annual reports of Blossom Company and Crane Company. (Amounts in millions) Blossom Crane Net Income $1,824 $2,413 Sales 43,035 64,239 Total Assets (average) 40,242 68,704 Based on the preceding information, compute the following values for each company: (Round asset turnover ratio to 2 decimal places, e.g. 15.25 and return on assets to 1 decimal place, e.g. 15.2%.) BlossomCrane1. Asset turnover ratio enter the asset turnover rounded to 1 decimal placetimesenter the asset turnover rounded to 1 decimal placetimes2. Return on assets enter the return on assets in percentages rounded to 2 decimal places%enter the return on assets in percentages rounded to 2 decimal places%arrow_forwardAdom Ltd, is a private company in Ghana operating in the manufacturing sector. Below is a Statement of financial position and a summarized statement of income with comparatives for the year ended 31st December 2019. statement of financial position as at 31st December 2019: Non-current assets 2019 GH¢ 2018 GH¢ PPE 200,000 250,000 R &D 40,000 - Total Non-current assets 240,000 250,000 Current assets Available for sale 12,000 20,000 Inventory 70,000 45,000 Trade receivables 30,000 23,000 Cash & cash equivalents 18,000 17,000 Total current assets 130,000 105,000 Total assets 370,000 355,000 Equity Equity share capital (GH¢1 per share) 150,000 100,000 10% preference share capital 50,000 50,000 Retained earnings 60,000 55,000 Total equity 260,000 205,000 Non-current liabilities 10% loan notes 50,000 90,000 12% debentures…arrow_forwardOn 31 December 20X2, the balances of Argon Enterprises Inc.’s shareholders’ equity accounts were as follows (all are credit balances): Capital stock $ 303,000 Contributed surplus 5,230 Retained earnings 105,400 Currency translation differences 1,400 Mark-to-market adjustments on available for sale investments 26,700 Cash flow hedges 2,000 Actuarial gains and losses 1,400 $ 445,130 Argon’s statement of comprehensive income for the year ending 31 December 20X3 showed the following amounts, from “net profit for the year” through “comprehensive income”: 31 December 20X3 31 December 20X2 Net profit for the year $ 44,900 $ 68,300 Other comprehensive income (loss) net of applicable income tax: Currency translation differences (4,200 ) 2,800 Mark-to-market adjustments on available for sale investments (34,300 ) 8,000 Actuarial gains (losses) 2,100 (6,500 ) Cash…arrow_forward
- Selected comparative statement data for Oriole Company are presented below. All balance sheet data are as of December 31. 20222021Net sales$1,165,000 $1,125,000Cost of goods sold705,000 645,000Interest expense20,000 15,000Net income154,945 145,000Accounts receivable145,000 125,000Inventory105,000 100,000Total assets785,000 700,000Preferred stock (6%)205,000 200,000Total stockholders’ equity635,000 525,000 Compute the following ratios for 2022. (Round answers to 1 decimal place, e.g. 1.8 or 2.5%) (a)Profit marginenter the profit margin in percentages %(b)Asset turnoverenter the asset turnover in times times(c)Return on assetsenter the return on assets in percentages %(d)Return on common stockholders’ equityenter the return on common stockholders' equity in percentages %arrow_forwardThe following is the presentation of ABC GMBH Profit and Loss and Other Comprehensive Income Statement for 20X9: Table Attached Additional information: 1. Part of the Surplus Revaluation of Fixed Assets Associated Entities is derived from XYZ GMBH in which ABC GMBH has an interest of 30%. 2. In Other Income (Expenses), there is Gain on Foreign Exchange, Rental Expenses and Finance Expenses. 3. Loss from Discontinued Operations occurred in 20X8 for one segment of the operation. 4. The weighted average number of shares outstanding during 20X9 and 20X8 is 100,000 shares. Questions: Identify of the presentation above that is not in accordance with the provisions in IFRS. Identify at least 5 items and explain the reasons.arrow_forwardThe comparative balance sheet of Yellow Dog Enterprises Inc. at December 31, 20Y8 and 20Y7, is as follows: Dec. 31, 20Y8 Dec. 31, 20Y7 Assets Cash $70,910 $86,990 Accounts receivable (net) 108,960 117,270 Merchandise inventory 155,660 145,360 Prepaid expenses 6,340 4,400 Equipment 317,080 260,420 Accumulated depreciation-equipment (82,440) (63,870) Total assets $576,510 $550,570 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Accounts payable (merchandise creditors) $121,070 $115,070 Mortgage note payable 0 165,170 Common stock, $1 par 19,000 12,000 Paid-in capital: Excess of issue price over par-common stock 260,000 155,000 Retained earnings 176,440 103,330 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $576,510 $550,570 Additional data obtained from the income statement and from an examination of the accounts in the ledger for 20Y8 are as follows: Net income, $187,160. Depreciation…arrow_forward
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