Chapter 15, Problem 1PL

The most superior bone of the vertebral column is the

1. coccyx.
2. vertebra prominens.
3. axis.
4. atlas

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

The vertebral column is called the spinal column that is flexible extending from the upper body towards down. It consists of a series of bones which are called vertebrae. It is made up of approximately 33 bones which allow all the movements in the body. Stability is provided by ligaments, muscles and form of bones.

Answer to Problem 1PL

Correct answer:

The correct answer is option (d) atlas.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation/justification for the correct answer:

Option (d)  atlas. The vertebral column extends from the first cervical vertebra adjacent to the skull to the inferior tip of the coccyx. The first cervical vertebra is known as atlas or C1, which has a posterior tubercle instead of pronounced spinous processes. It is the topmost and most superior bone of the vertebral column. So,(d) is the correct answer.

Explanation for incorrect answer:

 Option (a) coccyx. The vertebral column extends from the first cervical vertebra adjacent to the skull to the inferior tip of the coccyx. The coccyx is the most inferior or bottom portion below the sacrum in the vertebral column. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (b) vertebra prominens. It is an alternative name of the seventh cervical vertebrae, also called C7 because the spinous processes are elongated and easy palpated as surface structures. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Option (c) axis. The second cervical vertebra is known as the axis or C2, has a superior projection, the dens that serves as a pivot point for some rotational movements. So, this is an incorrect answer.

Conclusion

Thus, the first cervical vertebra is known as the atlas or C1, which has a posterior tubercle instead of pronounced spinous processes and therefore, it is the topmost and most superior bone of the vertebral column.