Chapter 17, Problem 2P

Next time you are putting gasoline in your car, determine the volumetric flow rate of the gasoline at the pumping station. Record the time that it takes to pump a known volume of gasoline into your car’s gas tank. The flow meter at the pump will give you the volume in gallons, so all you have to do is to measure the time. Investigate the size of the storage tanks in your neighborhood gas station. Estimate how often the storage tank needs to be refilled. State your assumptions.

What is air-to-fuel ratio (AFR) and why is it important in internal combustion engine?

What is the liquid density of Gasoline as a fuel?

1. There are four sizes based on the speed of the facility for regulatory signs, choose the wrong statement. a. D for expressways b. B for rural roads with speed limits between 60 kph and 70 kph c. A for urban low-speed road d. C for high-speed urban highways   2.  A form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into electricity. a. Geothermal Energy b. Tidal Energy c. Solar Energy d. Wind Energy   3.  A mixture of hydrocarbons like alkanes and cycloalkanes. a. Petroleum and Natural Gas b. Coal c. Biomass d. Fuel   4. This energy generally involves low running costs since it saves 80% on fossil fuels. a. Geothermal Energy b. Tidal Energy c. Solar Energy d. Wind Energy   5. Destruction of the Earth’s surface caused by human activities and the misuse of natural resources. a. Land pollution b. Non-renewable resource c. Renewable resource d. Natural resources

To reduce the drag coefficient and thus to improve the fuel efficiency of cars, the design of side rearview mirrors has changed drastically in recent decades from a simple circular plate to a streamlined shape. Determine the amount of fuel and money saved per year as a result of replacing a 13-cm-diameter flat mirror by one with a hemispherical back, as shown in the figure. Assume the car is driven 24,000 km a year at an average speed of 95 km/h. Take the density and price of gasoline to be 0.75 kg/L and $0.90/L, respectively; the heating value of gasoline to be 44,000 kJ/kg; and the overall efficiency of the engine to be 30 percent.

Shoes are to be designed to enable people of 80 kg to walk on freshwater or seawater. The shoes are to be made of blown plastic in the shape of sphere. Determine the equivalent diameter of each shoe and comment on proposed shape and stability point of view. What is your assessment of the marketability of these shoes?

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-WATER POLLUTION: The attached figure shows a plot of BOD remaining versus time for a sample of effluent taken from a wastewater treatment plant. FIND: What is the ultimate BOD (L0)? What is the five-day BOD? What is L5?

You have been tasked with designing a chlorination tank for killing microorganisms in the effluent from a wastewater treatment plant. It is necessary to achieve 99.99% kill in a wastewater flow of 100 m3/hr. You may assume that the disinfection process is first-order with a rate constant of 0.2/min. Note: a 99.99% kill percentage means that if 10,000 cells/L enter, only 1 cell/L will “live” through the process. a) Calculate the tank volume required (in m3) if disinfection occurs in a CSTR. b) Calculate the tank volume required (in m3) if disinfection occurs in a PFR. c) Identify the residence time (in hours) for each reactor and explain why one system is superior to the other.

Most car owners drive their cars an average of 12,000 kilometers a year. Assuming a 10 km/L gas consumption rate, determine the amount of fuel consumed by 150 million car owners on the following time bases:a. average daily basisb. average weekly basisc. average monthly basisd. average yearly basise. over a period of ten yearsExpress your results in gallons and liters.