Nutrition
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337906371
Author: Sizer, Frances Sienkiewicz., WHITNEY, Ellie
Publisher: Cengage Learning,
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Chapter 3, Problem 12SC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
In all vertebrates two bean shaped organs are found known as kidney. Kidneys are located on both left and right side of the body. Kidneys are the main organ involved in urinary system of the body. Along with kidneys, the system is composed of ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra. Kidney maintains the content of body fluid, acid-base balance, concentration of electrolytes and excretion of harmful elements form the body. The main structural and working units of kidneys are nephrons. These structures help the kidneys to perform all the functions properly. Nephrons are complex structures formed of two parts. One is renal corpuscle and another is renal tubules.
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- Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forwardBlood pressure forces water and small solutes out of blood and into nephrons during ________. a. glomerular filtration c. tubular secretion b. tubular reabsorption d. both a and carrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forward
- Explain what is meant when we talk about filtration, reabsorption, and secretion in the kidneys.arrow_forward1. The outer one-third of the kidney is called the A. Medulla B. Minor calyces C. Renal pyramid D. Cortexarrow_forwardAs the text noted, two-thirds of the water and solutes that the body reclaims by reabsorption in nephrons occurs in the proximal tubule. Proximal tubule cells have large numbers of mitochondria and demand a great deal of oxygen. Explain why.arrow_forward
- The afferent arteriole delivers blood to the (a) renal artery (b) efferent arteriole (c) renal vein (d) capillaries of the glomerulus (e) peritubular capillariesarrow_forwardAs a person ages, nephron tubules lose some of their ability to concentrate urine. What is the effect of this change?arrow_forwardPlasma fluid filtered into Bowmans capsule flows directly into the ________. a. renal artery c. distal tubule b. proximal tubule d. loop of Henlearrow_forward
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