Chapter 6, Problem 20P

The three lowest energy levels of a hydrogen atom are -13.6 eV, -3.4 eV, and -1.5 eV. Assume that there is only one way to occupy any one of these levels. Calculate the relative probability that a hydrogen atom in thermal equilibrium in a star, at temperature T = 9674 K, is in its first excited state (at -3.4 eV) relative to its ground state (at -13.6 eV). Write your answer in exponential form. Recall that Boltzmann's constant can be written as 8.617 x 10-5 eV K-1.

Give only typing answer with explanation and conclusion The Einstein-A coefficient for a particular rovibrational transition of CO2 is 220 s−1. In the absence of collisions, what is the characteristic lifetime of the upper state? Compare this with the Na transition near 589.6nm which has an Einstein-A coefficient of 6.14×10^7 s−1.

Annotate the IR spectra by labelling each of the major peaks as a functional group.