Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 6, Problem 7SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Nerve cells such as somatic motor neuron transmit nerve signals from spinal cord or brain to control the activity of the skeletal muscle. The axon of each motor neuron divides to form individual branches to innervate skeletal muscle fibers.
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A bacterial toxin is known to block the release of ACh at the motor end plate of skeletal muscle. Consequently, a. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing force. b. the skeletal muscle contracts with increasing frequency. c. the ability to stimulate the muscle is impaired. d. other neurotransmitters would stimulate the muscle.
Stimulation of a muscle fiber by a motor neuron occurs ata. the neuromuscular junction.b. the transverse tubules.c. the myofibril.d. the sarcoplasmic reticulum.e. none of the above.
In a skeletal muscle fiber, Ca2+ is released from a. ACh receptors. b. the motor end plate. c. the sarcoplasmic reticulum. d. the sarcolemma and T-tubules.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 6 - In a general sense, how do skeletal muscles...Ch. 6 - In the diagram below, label the fine structure of...Ch. 6 - How do actin and myosin interact in a sarcomere to...Ch. 6 - How does a muscle fiber incur an oxygen debt?Ch. 6 - What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 6 - Explain why (a) calcium ions and (b) ACh are vital...Ch. 6 - What is a motor unit? Why does a rapid series of...Ch. 6 - What are the structural and functional differences...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1SQCh. 6 - Prob. 2SQ
Ch. 6 - Prob. 3SQCh. 6 - The _____ is the basic unit of muscle contraction....Ch. 6 - Skeletal muscle contraction requires _________. a....Ch. 6 - Nerve impulses first stimulate a skeletal muscle...Ch. 6 - Prob. 7SQCh. 6 - Prob. 8SQCh. 6 - Prob. 9SQCh. 6 - Prob. 10SQCh. 6 - You are training athletes for the 100-meter dash....Ch. 6 - Prob. 2CTCh. 6 - Prob. 3CTCh. 6 - At the gym Sean gets on a stair-climbing machine...
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- Graph A in this diagram represents A) summation and tetanus of a smooth muscle fibre. C) a simple skeletal muscle twitch c) summation and tetanus of a skeletal muscle fibre. D)simple smooth muscle twitch.arrow_forwardWhen sarcomeres contract during muscle contraction, which of the following occurs? A. The myosin filaments lengthen. B. The myosin filaments "walk" along the actin microfilaments. C. The myosin filaments shorten. D. The actin filaments shorten.arrow_forwardWhat happens to sarcomeres when actin and myosin filaments in a muscle fiber interact during the contraction phase? A) sarcomeres usually fatigue B) sarcomeres usually get shorter C) sarcomeres usually get longer D) sarcomeres stay the samearrow_forward
- The muscles of a professional sprinter are most likely to have ________.a. 80 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 20 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersb. 20 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 80 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersc. 50 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 50 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersd. 40 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 60 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersarrow_forwardA skeletal muscle motor unit A.Is the number of muscle cells innervated by one motor neuron. B.Is the number of motor neurons innervating one muscle cell. C.Size determines the ability to control a muscle D.Size determines how much a muscle contracts at any one time.arrow_forwardUnlike skeletal muscle cells, cardiac muscle cells________." A do not use the sliding filament mechanism of contraction B are not striated C do not rely on an influx of Ca+2 for contraction to occur D do not require neural stimulation to contractarrow_forward
- If a muscle cell had very short T-tubules, how much tension would the muscle fiber create, relative to a normal muscle fiber? Assume sarcoplasmic reticulum can still react to activity at the neuromuscular junction. a)Less tension would be created. b) No difference in tension creation. c) More tension would be created. d) No tension would be created.arrow_forwardThe function of Ca2+ in skeletal muscle contraction is toa. cause an allosteric change in myosin so it detaches from actin.b. provide the energy necessary for the movement of the cross-bridge.c. expose the myosin-binding sites on the thin filaments.d. bind to tropomyosin.e. do a and c only.arrow_forwardIn an isometric contraction, the muscle develops tension but does not: a. Expend energy.b. Exhibit elasticity.c. Lengthen.d. Conduct electrical current.e. Widenarrow_forward
- All of the following characteristics apply to skeletal muscle except a. They are striated. b. They are multinucleated. c. They are voluntary. d. They contain intercalated discs. e. They are attached to the skeleton by means of tendons.arrow_forwardWhich of the following changes takes place when a skeletal muscle contracts?A. Z discs move farther apart.B. Actin filaments contract.C. Myosin filaments contract.D. Sarcomeres become shorter.arrow_forwardWhich of the following causes ( the state of ) rigor in skeletal muscle ?a) lack of atp b) decrease of intracellular ca2plus c) increase in intracellular ca2+ d) lack of action potential in motor neuronsarrow_forward
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