Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 26RQ
To determine
The kind of binary system which has no significant changes in its brightness but shows a cyclic appearance of one and two absorption lines respectively.
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1. Suppose you observe a tight eclipsing binary with orbital period of 3 days, and radial velocity semi-amplitude for both components of 80 kilometers/second.
a. Without doing any calculation, you know that the mass ratio of the binary is 1:1. Explain why?
b. What are the masses and orbital radii of the two stars?
c. Suppose the binary is perfectly aligned so each eclipse the center of one star goes across the other. How often do you see an eclipse?
d. Suppose one eclipse lasts for 3.5 hours. What is the radius of the stars?
A star has a parallax angle of 0.0270 arcseconds and an apparent magnitude of 4.641. What is the distance to this star? [Answer in parsecs]
What is the absolute magnitude of this star?
Is this star more or less luminous than the Sun? Answer "M" for More luminous or "L" for Less luminous. (HINT: the absolute magnitude of the Sun is 4.8)
What is the luminosity of this star? (HINT: The luminosity of the Sun is 3.85×1026 W.)
A star with spectral type A0 has a surface temperature of 9600 K and a radius of 2.2 RSun. How many times more luminous is this star than the Sun? (if it is less luminous enter a number less than one)
This star has a mass of 3.3 MSun. Using the simple approximation that we made in class, what is the main sequence lifetime of this star? You may assume that the lifetime of the sun is 1010 yr.
Compare this to the lifetime of a A0 star listed in Table 22.1 (computed using a more sophisticated approach). Is the value you calculated in the previous problem longer or shorter than what is reported in the table? (L for longer, S for shorter) (You only get one try at this problem.)
Chapter 9 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 9 - Prob. 1RQCh. 9 - Why was the Hipparcos satellite able to make more...Ch. 9 - Prob. 3RQCh. 9 - Prob. 4RQCh. 9 - Prob. 5RQCh. 9 - Prob. 6RQCh. 9 - Prob. 7RQCh. 9 - Prob. 8RQCh. 9 - Prob. 9RQCh. 9 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 9 - Prob. 11RQCh. 9 - Prob. 12RQCh. 9 - Prob. 13RQCh. 9 - Prob. 14RQCh. 9 - Prob. 15RQCh. 9 - Prob. 16RQCh. 9 - Prob. 17RQCh. 9 - Prob. 18RQCh. 9 - Prob. 19RQCh. 9 - Prob. 20RQCh. 9 - Prob. 21RQCh. 9 - Prob. 22RQCh. 9 - Prob. 23RQCh. 9 - Prob. 24RQCh. 9 - Prob. 25RQCh. 9 - Prob. 26RQCh. 9 - Prob. 27RQCh. 9 - Prob. 28RQCh. 9 - Prob. 29RQCh. 9 - Prob. 30RQCh. 9 - Prob. 31RQCh. 9 - Prob. 32RQCh. 9 - How Do We Know? In what way are basic scientific...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1PCh. 9 - Prob. 2PCh. 9 - Prob. 3PCh. 9 - Prob. 4PCh. 9 - Complete the following table:Ch. 9 - Prob. 6PCh. 9 - Prob. 7PCh. 9 - Prob. 8PCh. 9 - Prob. 9PCh. 9 - Prob. 10PCh. 9 - Prob. 11PCh. 9 - Prob. 12PCh. 9 - Prob. 13PCh. 9 - Prob. 14PCh. 9 - Prob. 15PCh. 9 - Prob. 16PCh. 9 - Prob. 17PCh. 9 - Prob. 18PCh. 9 - Prob. 19PCh. 9 - Prob. 20PCh. 9 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 9 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 9 - Prob. 3SOPCh. 9 - Look at the image on the opening page of this...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 9 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 9 - Prob. 4LTL
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- Approximately 6000 stars are bright enough to be seen without a telescope. Are any of these white dwarfs? Use the information given in this chapter to explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardYou are able to take spectra of both stars in an eclipsing binary system. List all properties of the stars that can be measured from their spectra and light curves.arrow_forwardDescribe the spectra for a spectroscopic binary for a system comprised of an F-type and L-type star. Assume that the system is too far away to be able to easily observe the L-type star.arrow_forward
- Which of the following can you determine about a star without knowing its distance, and which can you not determine: radial velocity, temperature, apparent brightness, or luminosity? Explain.arrow_forwardWhat observations or types of telescopes would you use to distinguish a binary system that includes a main-sequence star and a white dwarf star from one containing a main-sequence star and a neutron star?arrow_forwardThe eclipsing binary Algol drops from maximum to minimum brightness in about 4 hours, remains at minimum brightness for 20 minutes, and then takes another 4 hours to return to maximum brightness. Assume that we view this system exactly edge-on, so that one star crosses directly in front of the other. Is one star much larger than the other, or are they fairly similar in size? (Hint: Refer to the diagrams of eclipsing binary light curves.)arrow_forward
- An astronomer discovers a type-M star with a large luminosity. How is this possible? What kind of star is it?arrow_forwardCalculate the main-sequence lifetimes of (a) a 4 ?⨀ star, and (b) a 0.75 ?⨀ star. Express the lifetimes of these stars as multiples of the Sun’s lifetime (?⨀ =1010 years), as well as in units of years.arrow_forwardThe Algol binary system consists of a 3.7 Msun star and a 0.8 Msun star with an orbital period of 2.87 days. Using Newton’s version of Kepler’s Third Law, calculate the distance, a, between the two stars. Compare that to the size of Betelgeuse (you’ll need to look that up). Newton’s Version of Kepler’s Law: (M1 + M2) P2 = (4p2 /G) a3 Rearrange the equation to solve for a. Pi, p, is equal to 3.14. IMPORTANT NOTE: Google the value of G (the Universal Gravitational Constant) or look it up in your text. NOTICE THE UNITS. You must convert every distance and time in your equation to the same units, otherwise, you’ll get an incorrect answer. That means you must convert distances to meters, solar masses to kilograms, and time to seconds. When you compare your value to the size of Betelgeuse, it will also help that they are in the same units.arrow_forward
- A star with spectral type A0 has a surface temperature of 9600 K and a radius of 2.2 RSun. How many times more luminous is this star than the Sun? (if it is less luminous enter a number less than one) 36.854 This star has a mass of 3.3 MSun. Using the simple approximation that we made in class, what is the main sequence lifetime of this star? You may assume that the lifetime of the sun is 1010 yr.arrow_forwardWhich star is more luminous? (you only have one try for this problem) A) A star with absolute magnitude 12 B) A star with absolute magnitude -2 How many times more luminous is it?arrow_forwardYou are trying to take an image of a particular star with apparent magnitude m=10, and need to figure out how long you will need to expose for with your telescope. Your friend tells you that her telescope of diameter 0.07 meters can detect the star in 79 minutes. How long would it take for you to use your telescope (diameter 0.13 meters) to detect a star with an apparent magnitude m=12? (Answer in minutes)arrow_forward
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