Eukaryotic Cells Essay

Organelles within a Eukaryotic Cell The Structure of the Membrane and its Function in Cell Transport The essence of life begins with knowing that all living things are made from cells. Cells and what is contained inside form the basic unit of structure and function in an organism. All cells have the same basic structure, the vital part being organelles. The name organelle comes from the Latin organellea; which means little organ. They can be found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and preform specific

Animal cells are very complex and organized eukaryotic organisms. Each and every one of their organelles contain a specific form and function. Ever wondered how an animal cell works? Well, there are countless things in this world that functions the same way. For example, a hospital! All cells have a cellular membrane, which is a thin layer of fat that encloses the cell. A cell membrane is a protective barrier that indicates what goes in and out of it. In a hospital this would be the security guards

Each cell in our body is composed of the same DNA, yet different cells synthesize different proteins. In other words, each cell has the same genotype, but different phenotypes. For example, our pancreatic beta cells make insulin and our epithelial cells make collagen. Why can our pancreatic beta cells not make collagen and our epithelial cells make insulin? This is all due to gene expression. Each cell is composed of every single gene, but only a certain collection is expressed. The regulation of

evidence to bolster the fact that fusion between a-proteobacteria and archaebacteria is an integral event in evolution of eukaryotic cells. However, it has also been conjectured that eukaryotic cell may have originated from prokaryotes. As a part of this evolution, many mitochondrial ancestral genes were lost. These are the genes that were no longer required in their new host cell environment. All eukaryotes contain genes of mitochondrial origin in their nuclear genome. However, this is only true for

Gene expression is the ability of a gene to produce a biologically active protein. This process is regulated by the cells of an organism, it is very important to the survival of organisms at all levels. This is much more complex in eukaryotes than in prokaryotes. A major difference is the presence in eukaryotes of a nuclear membrane, which prevents the simultaneous transcription and translation that occurs in prokaryotes. Initiation of protein transcription is started by RNA polymerase. The activity

interference as a tool in the laboratory and in the future may be able to use it as a therapy. RNA interference is described as the biological process in which RNA molecules prevent gene expression. Eukaryotic cells have many ways of controlling gene expression, as in the complex environment in a cell these mechanisms need to be precisely targeted. Small RNA molecules are used to direct gene silencing (or gene knockdown), this is called RNAi. Gene knockdown can be described as the technique used

INTRODUCTION Double stranded breaks (DSB) occur frequently in eukaryotic cells. It can be caused by many factors such as ultra violet radiation, reactive oxygen species, ionizing radiation et cetera (Lieber,2010). DNA damage leads to rapid growth of tumor leading to cancer. Hence it is very important to repair it before the cell undergoes further division. Two mechanisms of repair system can occur in the cell – homologous recombination (HR) and non homologous DNA end joining (NHEJ). These repair

considered to be the precursors to eukaryotic cells. One of the other defining characteristics of eukaryotic cells that allow for multicellularity to occur is the presence of a complex

the name "karyo" means denoting the nucleus of a cell. the components of the cell membrane are phospholipids, glycolipids, proteins, and cholesterol. the fluid mosaic model represents how some parts of the membrane can move freely, if they are not attached to other parts of the cell. some examples of living organisms that have prokaryotic cells. escherichia cell bacterium, streptococcus bacterium (this prokaryote is responsible for strep throat) is an infection of the back of the throat which includes

It is evidently known that the cell is the basic unit of life. Cells are microscopic, membrane-bound units which contain biomolecules allowing them to carry out functions, sustain life and self-replicate. Although every living cell comes under one of the 6 kingdoms in the biological taxonomy of living organisms, the two most distinct types of cells are eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotes (pre-nucleus) are single-celled organisms which do not contain a nucleus nor do they have any