Facial Action Coding System

than white pedestrians. We further hypothesized that the race and sex of the pedestrian would influence participants’ perceptions of the motivation behind the driver’s car locking behavior. Facial expressions of emotions were recorded while participants watched the video using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS; Ekman & Friesen, 1978) to examine differences in responses to the video.

bi-polar disorder. At that point, he decided he wanted to study facial expressions of emotion in order to assist other people before such tragic outcomes occurred. By the time he was 15, he had enrolled in University of Chicago and became interested in group therapy. He earned his Bachelor’s degree in 1954 and in 1958 he had earned his Ph.D. in clinical psychology at Adelphi University. His Master’s thesis was about the study of facial expressions and body movement. From 1960 to 2004 he worked at the

men and women alike. One nonverbal signal that appears universal for men and women is smiling, but research shows that there are gender differences within that behavior. Kraut and Johnston (1999) define a smile as the major component of a facial display associated with and caused by feelings of happiness or joy.

lips, maybe even biting them a little without showing much of our pearly whites, rather a nervous smirk of a smile. No matter how you present yourself in front of this class, the definition of smile, according to Merrian-Webster dictionary, is, "a facial expression in which the eyes brighten and the corners of the mouth curve slightly upward and which expresses especially amusement, pleasure, approval or sometimes scorn". A smile tells us many things about a person and today, I will be presenting

freelance author and editor based out of New York. She specializes in writing about healthy living, which is what intrigued me as to what drove her to write this article. To prepare research for this piece, she interviewed and studied psychologist and facial expression expert Paul Ekman. This article was originally written for a magazine titled Lear’s, which is no longer around but many of her other works have been published in popular magazines such as Glamour Magazine and The Washington Post’s magazine

Introduction Professor James V. McConnell, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, expressed his feelings about a smile. "People who smile," he said, "tend to manage teach and sell more effectively, and to raise happier children. There 's far more information in a smile than a frown. That 's why encouragement is a much more effective teaching device than punishment” (Carnagie, 2010). Historical Background One may ask the history of the smile. Wilson (2012) explained some biologists believe

around them; this detail makes us think about women use the smiles just like monkeys by a biological trait to show that they are non-threatening. The act of smiling is seen as non-threatening because of how it has been perceived by other people. This facial expression of smiling has actually gone through an evolutionary history much like any living species, following the rules of survival of the fittest. It has been seen as a happy expression, used when someone laughs or hears good news. Because of this

the normal appearance. These beginning qualities help to define the characteristics of a balanced smile and note the misalignments in need of correction. Smile Line The second phase is called the smile line and takes into account the tone of the facial muscles and the curve patterns between the upper and lower jaw arches. Smile lines are created by using the bottom of top lip and the top

1. Spence A. Coffman is the author of the article. 2. The title of the article is “Facial Expression: The ability to Distinguish between enjoyment and non-enjoyment smiles.” 3. The article was published in the summer of 2013 4. I learned that the most used and easily recognized facial expression is the smile Ekman 2009. I also found out in the article that deliberate smiles or forced smiles are produced by voluntarily contracting the zygomaticus major muscles. 5. One of the articles cited is “Telling

Seminar topic focuses on talking head system.Talking head system is a technique in which an animated talking head generates lifelike face which is based on speech recognition. Talking head system converts this speech to an animated talking head having facial expressions and mouth movements.The seminar focuses on an approach that synthesizes ones’ face using a two and half D head model, with the facial expression driven by speech.Such system can be made web enabled to take advantage of streaming technology