Myelin

inflammatory, demyelinating, autoimmune neurodegenerative disease characterized by the disruption of the blood brain barrier (BBB), perivascular inflammation, axonal and oligodendrocyte injury, and breakdown of the myelin sheath present in the central nervous system (CNS). The Loss of myelin leads to progressive axonal damage and eventually neuronal death, resulting in neurodegeneration and functional disability in different regions in the brain and the spinal cord. According to the domain which is compromised

lesions or scars) develop around the damaged nerves. ‘Multiple’ refers to the many different areas of the central nervous system that may have damaged myelin.1 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological disease that involves the central nervous system (CNS), the nerves that comprise the brain and spinal cord. It has two major features2: • Destruction of myelin, a fatty insulation covering the nerve fibers, is the main characteristic of MS. The end results of this process, called demyelination, are multiple

MS lesions occur where there is damage to oligodendrocytes, changes in myelin composition, considerable loss to neurons over a period of time, and brain atrophy and can occur in either white or gray matter. MS also has short-lived attacks of neurological deficits that are temporary and correlated with worsening symptoms. These

Sclerosis is still unknown. A combination of factors may play a role in causing this disease such as the immune system, environment, infectious diseases and genetics (Stachowiak, 2014). MS is an “abnormal immune-mediated response that attacks the myelin coating around nerve fibers in the central nervous system, as well as the nerve fibers themselves” (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2014). Scientists are further investigating the immune-mediated process. Environmental factors, such as vitamin

MS is traditionally described as clinical symptoms or signs of two CNS lesions separated in time and space that are not caused by other CNS disease. Due to the absence of a specific immune-based assay, the diagnosis of MS continues to be predicated on the clinical history and neurological examination; that is, finding multiple lesions in time and space in the CNS. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) remains the most important diagnostic tool for allowing the early and more precise diagnosis of the disease

information within the brain, and between the brain and body. The name is this disease refers to multiple areas of scarring throughout the brain and spinal cord. This scarring is a result of what happens when the body attacks itself. A substance called Myelin surrounds the nerves to help protect them (Healthline.com, 2015). Multiple Sclerosis is thought to occur in a genetically susceptible individual (although there is no evidence to show that the disease is directly inherited) influenced one or more

eventually responsible of oligodendrocytes death, demyelination, and axonal degeneration. During remyelination, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) migrate from the subventricular zone to the inflammatory lesions, proliferate and differentiate into myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. OPCs proliferation is induced by factors secreted by microglia and astrocytes that are activated by lesion formation, while OPCs survival and differentiation is established by contact between axons and OPCs processes (McQualter

the impact it has had on her life. I opened the interview asking Brittany to describe her illness, and she explains multiple sclerosis is an auto-immune disease that affects her nervous system. In Brittany’s case, her immune system is attacking the myelin sheaths on her brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve, which causes lesions to develop. The lesions press on these delicate areas which result in debilitating physical and mental symptoms. Brittany then goes on to explain that she’s been diagnosed with

Making connections to current knowledge as I learn new concepts. Using reason to determine what notes to take in class. Using memory and problem-solving skills to determine a course of action regarding an assignment. Processing information that is presented. Analyzing and reorganizing notes that I took in class. Observing different note-taking techniques, processing that information, and eventually changing my note-taking behavior based on that knowledge. Realizing that procrastination is causing

This study examines the neurologic changes in sclerosis (MS) and what might cause the immune system’s attack on itself. Furthermore, the paper investigates the diagnostics of sclerosis with magnetic resonance imaging and in addition to that, a spin echo experiment of t1 and t2 relaxation is analyzed. The study then examines how the different t1 and t2 relaxations make it possible for us to make images with contrasts between different tissues and MS plaques and thereby be able to diagnose a person