Proteins

sterols, vitamins, phospholipids and others. We can find in our cell membrane glycerol-phospholipids (phospholipids), which are part of the lipid bilayer. The phospholipids can be found in biological membranes and their main function is to bind proteins from the outside to the inside of cell membrane. The structure of phospholipids is: The phospholipids have 2 fatty acids and 2 long CH2 chains which are attached to a glycerol top. The glycerol has a phosphate group which is hydrophilic –‘attracted

G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCR) is one of the largest known class of membrane protein receptors which constitute more than 1% of the human genome (Xavier et al., 2007). GPCRs are widely expressed in human body and have an important role in various cell signaling events. Their functions are diverse in peripheral organs and brain, being such an important receptor in signaling has made it an attractive target for various disease pathology. Therefore, obtaining ligands of novel scaffolds by high through

How are proteins made? Where is the birth of proteins take place? It all starts with DNA. DNA is genetic information found in the nucleus of a cell. The first stage in order to make DNA is sending a RNA call mRNA (also known as messenger RNA). This RNA is can fit through pores from the cell’s walls, but DNA can’t because it is too big to fit in the pores, but RNA is small enough to fit through the pores. In the DNA strand there are nitrogen bases and three nitrogen bases in that strand are called

P16 is a tumor suppressor protein, which in humans is encoded by the CDKN2A gene. The protein has a key job in regulating the cell cycle. It helps to decelerate cell progression from G1 phase to S phase, so it acts as a tumor suppressor that is linked to the prevention of cancers, particularly cervical cancer, esophageal cancer, and melanoma. P16 can be helpful to increase the histological diagnostic precision of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, which is a possibly premalignant transformation

The end products of dietary protein digestion are free amino acids which will then enter the protein metabolic pathway. Amino acids are comprised of a carbon backbone attached to an amine group. The first step of amino acid metabolism is to separate the amine group from the carbon backbone. The amino group of the amino acid and the keto group of an alpha-keto acid switch places in a process called Transamination: a reaction catalyzed by ALT, alanine aminotransferase. (Transamination is a reversible

Arlet Morera Castillo Paper 1 Title: BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT MOLECULES, Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids. This paper will describe the importance of various organic molecules when we follow perquisite steps to unveil them in a few conducted tests. List of Authors: Arlet Morera Castillo Introduction: It is beneficial for us humans to start an early knowledge of the molecules that compose the things surrounding us and even ourselves. Scientifically that eagerness to comprehend

D1 task 1; protein synthesis Transcription: DNA consists of two strands. One is the coding strand and the other is the template stand. In transcription there is an enzyme called RNA polymerase that ‘unzips’ the two strands. This allows RNA nucleotides (uracil, adenine, guanine and cytosine) to enter the DNA and connect to the corresponding DNA nucleotides (thymine, adenine, guanine and cytosine) on the template strand. After the nucleotides have been paired, phosphodiester bonds, bond the RNA nucleotides

Myostatin is a protein that has been associated with a double mass phenotype, which often causes many negative health issues within the affected animal (Lee 2004; Bellinge et al. 2005). It is a negative regulator of muscle mass, and it’s mutated gene, myostatin (MSTN), has been selected for by cattle farmers through selective breeding (Bellinge et al. 2005). This was done because the affected carcass has superior qualities compared to the wild type, such as increased muscle fiber, and decreased collagen

From the moment of its creation, protein powder has been engulfed in a tornado of controversy. Doctors, scientists, and athletes have debated on whether or not it should be used for years. Protein provides the building blocks for all cells and membranes, hormones and various growth factors. Elena Voropay, a writer for Iron Man Magazine, says “Protein is found literally everywhere in your system: there is protein in your muscle tissues, your heart, in the enzymes that digest your food, in your skin

Sania Tahir TITLE: Biologically Essential Molecules: Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids ABSTRACT: In this lab, we are identifying carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids via biochemical tests. In order to identify reducing sugars, we performed Benedict’s test. Aldehydes and ketones reduce weak oxidizing reagents such as the cupric in Benedict’s reagent. Positive tests are indicated by a green to red color and this was true because we found reducing sugars and