Ventricular hypertrophy

Left ventricular hypertrophy is defined as the increase in muscle mass of the left ventricle; It can be hypertrophy of the muscle leading to a systolic HVG or a dilation of the muscle leading to diastolic HVG. The diagnosis is suspected on the ECG and confirmed by ultrasound. Among the causes of left ventricular hypertrophy are age, intensive practice of one or more sports, obesity, prolonged hypertension. The seriousness of hypertension arises from its impact on a number of organs (target organs)

commercially available ELISA kit. Associatin between the NT-proBNP concentration and various features of LVH including left ventricular wall thickness will be also be evaluated. We hypothesized that rhesus macaques with LVH show higher concentrations of NT-proBNP attributed to the hypertrophied ventricular walls with diastolic dysfunction, and the severity of left ventricular wall thickness is associated with the plasma NT-proBNP concentration. Material and Methods Subject and Housing All study procedures

were potentially limited by short-term follow up and lack of echocardiography data(2). It is not sure if obesity itself predisposes to AF and so hypothesizing such a link by suggesting that adiposity influences atrial and ventricular structure(3), autonomic tone(4) and ventricular diastolic function(5). The actual mechanism by which

can include left ventricular hypertrophy with repolarisation changes with T wave inversion and deep Q waves. In family members carrying HCM gene mutations, the electrocardiogram may demonstrate only minor abnormalities. The presence of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, a risk factor for sudden death, should be tested for by means of Holter monitoring (Maron et al., 2003). At present, the diagnosis of HCM relies on echocardiography revealing symmetric or asymmetric hypertrophy. Secondary causes

except for the last rhythm strip which occurs at the bottom of the tracing (lead II and V1). The labels of the waves indicate a particular action on the heart. P waves represent atrial depolarization or atrial contraction. The QRS complex indicates ventricular depolarization. While QRS is normally seen not ever complex has Q (negative deflection), R (positive

Cardiomyopathies (FC) are a collection of cardiac diseases that vary vastly genetically, and pathologically (1, 2). Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common form of FC (2). HCM is diagnosed often with left ventricular hypertrophy without a noticeable increase in external load and smaller ventricular cavity, but with a preserved ejection fraction (3). That is, the percent of blood leaving the left ventricle (5) does not change. Other pathologies include interstitial fibrosis, thickening of the media

Contents Page Page Abstract 1 Section 1– Correct lead placement 2 Section 2 - Incorrect lead placement 5 Section 3 – Conclusion and recommendations 7 References Appendices Abstract Recording an electrocardiogram or ECG, is a procedure which is performed daily all over the United Kingdom by thousands of healthcare workers and in particular nurses (Jacobson, 2000). The way in which this procedure is performed varies from geographical location to location

Periodization in Bodybuilding You may ask why the use of periodization in training programs? , well the goal of periodization is to help maximize what you gain of your training while reducing the risk of getting injured in the long term. The way this is done is with an intelligently designed training year program that contains smaller blocks of time that each has its specific goal and priority. This kind of overall schedule includes many aspects of an athlete’s training program and it may include

Introduction: The electrocardiogram remains the single most important tool for interpretation of the cardiac rhythm. 1 It can be used to successfully pick up conduction abnormalities, rhythm disturbances, possible myocardial ischemia, and a slew of other abnormalities that can be linked to various cardiac or metabolic diseases. 1,2 ECGs can also be used as a preventive tool to screen for abnormalities early in the disease process. 3,4 In 1982, Italy passed a law that all individuals who want to compete

typically produces a combination of the two different types of hypertrophy: contraction against 80 to 90% of the one repetition maximum for 2–6 repetitions (reps) causes myofibrillated hypertrophy to dominate (as in powerlifters, olympic lifters and strength athletes), while several repetitions (generally 8 – 12 for bodybuilding or 12 or more for muscular endurance) against a sub-maximal load facilitates mainly sarcoplasmic hypertrophy (professional bodybuilders and endurance athletes).[citation needed]