ACCT 2301 HW 8 Solutions
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ACCT 2301 - Homework 8 - Solutions
1.
Explain what a bond is.
A bond is a financial instrument that allows a company to borrow money in exchange for
(i) the obligation to reimburse the money at maturity, and (ii) the obligation to pay for
periodic interests.
2.
Explain what (a) par value, (b) maturity, (c) nominal rate, (d) market rate, and (e) the
price of a bond are.
Par Value
: the nominal amount of money the company will need to reimburse at maturity.
Maturity
: the future date on which the company will need to reimburse the borrowed
money.
Nominal Rate
: the interest rate used to determine periodic interest payments.
Market Rate
: the interest rate offered by similar securities in the debt market. It is used to
discount the future bond’s cash flows and determine its price.
Price
: the current fair price of the bond based on the present value of the sum of future
discounted cash flows generated by the bond. The price is what the company receives (i.e.,
its financing) when selling the bond.
3.
Explain how are bonds measured within the accounting system.
Bonds are measured at their current cash equivalent. Measuring the current cash
equivalent requires computing the present value of the sum of future cash flows generated
by the bond. To compute such a present value, one needs to use the nominal rate to
determine the interest payments, and then the market rate to discount those cash flows
(including the reimbursement of the par or principal amount).
4.
The fair value of a bond is the sum of its future discounted cash flows.
a. True
b. False
5.
If the market rate is above the nominal rate the bond is sold at a premium.
a. True
b. False
6.
Explain what premiums and discounts on bonds are and what generates them.
Homework 8 - Solutions Page 1
of 4
Premiums are generated when the nominal rate of a bond exceeds the market rate (i.e., the
bond is offering more than market; therefore, investors are willing to pay for a premium).
Discounts are generated when the nominal rate of a bond is below the market rate (i.e., the
bond is offering less than market; therefore, investors require a price discount to be willing
to buy the bond).
7.
Premiums are amortized, but discounts are not amortized.
a. True
b. False
8.
Company “Z” on 1/1/2020 issues a 20% bond with face value of $800,000 that will
mature in 5 years. Interests are paid semi-annually on 6/30 and 12/31.
Calculate the price of the bond and record all
the accounting journal entries for 2020,
assuming that the market rate is 20%
Calculate the price of the bond and record all
the accounting journal entries for 2020,
assuming that the market rate is 10%
Calculate the price of the bond and record all
the accounting journal entries for 2020,
assuming that the market rate is 25%
Note: for this exercise, you will need to record the transactions associated with the bond
issuance and the payment of semi-annual interests.
If it takes you less than 15 minutes to solve this problem, you are probably missing
something.
Case 1
: market rate = 20%
Price = Par/Face Value = $800,000 Interest Expense: $80,000
On 1/1/2020
Cash (A+), Debit, $800,000
Bond Payable (L+), Credit, $800,000
On 6/30/2020
Interest Expense (Exp+), Debit, $80,000
Cash (A-), Credit, $80,000
On 12/31/2020
Interest Expense (Exp+), Debit, $80,000
Cash (A-), Credit, $80,000
Homework 8 - Solutions Page 2
of 4
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Related Questions
8)
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6. Bonds that mature in installments are called term bonds.
7. A conversion feature may be added to bonds to make them more attractive to bond buyers.
8. The rate used to determine the amount of cash interest the borrower pays is called the stated
rate.
9. Bond prices are usually quoted as a percentage of the face value of the bond.
10. The present value of a bond is the value at which it should sell in the marketplace.
Instructions
Identify each statement as true or false. If false, indicate how to correct the statement.
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1.
2. What is meant by bond issue cost and how do we account for such bond?
3. How do we account for compound financial instruments?
4. What is the difference between convertible bonds and bonds with warrants?
5. What is the difference between the accounting for retirement of ordinary bonds and compound financial instruments?
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ANSWER AS MANY QUESTIONS POSSIBLE THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE
Ch 11 Bonds and LTL1. When will bonds sell at a premium and discount? 2. Calculate bond interest under SL method.3. Impact of amortization of bond premium/discount on interest expense.4. Give an example journal entry for amortization of bond premium/discount.5. What is the Gain/loss on redemption of bonds? How do you calculate?6. Understand method of calculating PV of future cash flows -specifically for a bond.7. Why are bonds a popular source of financing?8. Contract rate (market rate) is used for what calculation purpose?Ch 10 SE: Corporations1. What are Rights possessed by common stockholders?2. What are a journal entries for stock issuance, cash dividend, stock dividend?3. What is the calculation of dividends when cumulative preferred stock is outstanding?4. Journal entries for treasury stock, financial statement presentation. Gain/loss on reissue of treasury stock.5. Prior period adjustment - example of, accounting for?6.…
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A 116.
Subject:- finance
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14. If bonds are redeemed on
maturity date, any premium or
discount *
a. Is carried forward and written off
in the same manner as that used
prior to the maturity date.
b. Should be used to calculate the
O gain or loss resulting from the
maturity of the bonds.
c. Should be written off directly to a
O bond retirement account as the
bond will be redeemed.
d. Will be fully amortized as its
amortization period is designed to
coincide with the life of the bond
issue.
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a. Define what the operational cycle is.
b. Indicate in your own words the meaning of the following concepts related to bonds payable:
a) maturity value
b) face value
c) market value
d) par value.
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Chapter 10-Bond Vocabulary -
Match each of the following terms with appropriate definitions:
A. Bond Indenture
B. Effective Interest Method
C. Secured Bond
D. Sinking Fund Bond
E. Registered Bond
F. Market Rate
G. Bearer Bond
H. Convertible Bond
I. Debenture
J. Serial Bond
lo sgs
1. Records and tracks the bondholders' names
or zabing
2. Is unsecured; backed only by the issuer's credit standing
3. Has varying maturity dates for amounts owed.
4. The interest rate that borrowers are willing to pay and that lenders are willing to
accept for a particular bond based on its risk
5. Identifies rights and responsibilities of the issuer and the bondholders
6. Can be exchanged for shares of the issuer's stock
7. Is unregistered; interest is paid to whoever possesses them
8. An accounting method that allocates interest expense over the bonds' life in a
way that yields a constant rate of interest
9. Maintains a separate asset account from which bondholders are paid at maturity
10. Pledges specific…
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1. To calculate a gain or loss on redemption of a bond, you compare
a. The market interest rate to the contract rate
b. The carrying value value of the bond to the proceeds received from the sale of the bond
c. The income for the period
d. The proceeds to the unamortized premium or discount
2. If the proceeds are greater than the carrying value, you will have a
a. gain with a credit balance
b. gain with a debit balance
c. loss with a debit balance
d. loss with a credit balance
arrow_forward
6. When is interest expense more than interest paid?
a. when bonds are sold at a premiumb. when bonds are sold at parc. when bonds are sold at a discountd. when bonds are sold at a yield
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Moving to another question will save this response.
Quèstion 6
In bond financing, if the interest on bonds (contract rate) higher than the market interest rate; the bonds will be issued with:
O A. par value.
O B. premium on bonds payable.
OCa specific maturity date.
O D. discount on bonds payable.
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Serial bonds are a. Bonds backed by collateral.b. Bonds that mature in installments.c. Bonds the issuer can repurchase at a fixed price.d. Bonds issued below the face amount.
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8. Which is least likely true about bonds?
a. It is a financial security.
b. The issuer has the obligation to make specified payments.
c. Bondholders have the right to make decisions on the firm's affairs.
d. Bondholders have the right to claim interest payments.
е. с &d
f. All of the above
g. None of the above
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Given the information below, which bond(s) will be issued at a discount?
Stated Rate of Return
Market Rate of Return.
Bond 1.
O Bond 2.
Bond 4.
O Bonds 1 and 2.
Bond 1
5%
7%
Bond 2
7%
8%
Bond 3
12%
12%
Bond 4
10%
9%
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Please explain in detail
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Nominal interest rate of a corporate bond includes all of the following components EXCEPT _____.
Group of answer choices
a. real risk-free interest rate
b. expected inflation
c. unexpected inflation
d. credit risk premium
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A trasury security in which periodoc coupon interest payments can be seperate from eachother ad from the orinciple payment is called a:
A. STRIP
B. T-notes
C. T-Bonds
D. G. O. Bond
E. Revenue bond
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Question 1
A) Explain any four of the following types of bond issues:
Secured bonds.
Term bonds.
Convertible bonds.
Registered and bearer (coupon) bonds.
Income and revenue bonds.
arrow_forward
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Related Questions
- 8)arrow_forward6. Bonds that mature in installments are called term bonds. 7. A conversion feature may be added to bonds to make them more attractive to bond buyers. 8. The rate used to determine the amount of cash interest the borrower pays is called the stated rate. 9. Bond prices are usually quoted as a percentage of the face value of the bond. 10. The present value of a bond is the value at which it should sell in the marketplace. Instructions Identify each statement as true or false. If false, indicate how to correct the statement.arrow_forward1. 2. What is meant by bond issue cost and how do we account for such bond? 3. How do we account for compound financial instruments? 4. What is the difference between convertible bonds and bonds with warrants? 5. What is the difference between the accounting for retirement of ordinary bonds and compound financial instruments?arrow_forward
- ANSWER AS MANY QUESTIONS POSSIBLE THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE Ch 11 Bonds and LTL1. When will bonds sell at a premium and discount? 2. Calculate bond interest under SL method.3. Impact of amortization of bond premium/discount on interest expense.4. Give an example journal entry for amortization of bond premium/discount.5. What is the Gain/loss on redemption of bonds? How do you calculate?6. Understand method of calculating PV of future cash flows -specifically for a bond.7. Why are bonds a popular source of financing?8. Contract rate (market rate) is used for what calculation purpose?Ch 10 SE: Corporations1. What are Rights possessed by common stockholders?2. What are a journal entries for stock issuance, cash dividend, stock dividend?3. What is the calculation of dividends when cumulative preferred stock is outstanding?4. Journal entries for treasury stock, financial statement presentation. Gain/loss on reissue of treasury stock.5. Prior period adjustment - example of, accounting for?6.…arrow_forwardA 116. Subject:- financearrow_forward14. If bonds are redeemed on maturity date, any premium or discount * a. Is carried forward and written off in the same manner as that used prior to the maturity date. b. Should be used to calculate the O gain or loss resulting from the maturity of the bonds. c. Should be written off directly to a O bond retirement account as the bond will be redeemed. d. Will be fully amortized as its amortization period is designed to coincide with the life of the bond issue.arrow_forward
- a. Define what the operational cycle is. b. Indicate in your own words the meaning of the following concepts related to bonds payable: a) maturity value b) face value c) market value d) par value.arrow_forwardChapter 10-Bond Vocabulary - Match each of the following terms with appropriate definitions: A. Bond Indenture B. Effective Interest Method C. Secured Bond D. Sinking Fund Bond E. Registered Bond F. Market Rate G. Bearer Bond H. Convertible Bond I. Debenture J. Serial Bond lo sgs 1. Records and tracks the bondholders' names or zabing 2. Is unsecured; backed only by the issuer's credit standing 3. Has varying maturity dates for amounts owed. 4. The interest rate that borrowers are willing to pay and that lenders are willing to accept for a particular bond based on its risk 5. Identifies rights and responsibilities of the issuer and the bondholders 6. Can be exchanged for shares of the issuer's stock 7. Is unregistered; interest is paid to whoever possesses them 8. An accounting method that allocates interest expense over the bonds' life in a way that yields a constant rate of interest 9. Maintains a separate asset account from which bondholders are paid at maturity 10. Pledges specific…arrow_forward1. To calculate a gain or loss on redemption of a bond, you compare a. The market interest rate to the contract rate b. The carrying value value of the bond to the proceeds received from the sale of the bond c. The income for the period d. The proceeds to the unamortized premium or discount 2. If the proceeds are greater than the carrying value, you will have a a. gain with a credit balance b. gain with a debit balance c. loss with a debit balance d. loss with a credit balancearrow_forward
- 6. When is interest expense more than interest paid? a. when bonds are sold at a premiumb. when bonds are sold at parc. when bonds are sold at a discountd. when bonds are sold at a yieldarrow_forwardMoving to another question will save this response. Quèstion 6 In bond financing, if the interest on bonds (contract rate) higher than the market interest rate; the bonds will be issued with: O A. par value. O B. premium on bonds payable. OCa specific maturity date. O D. discount on bonds payable.arrow_forwardSerial bonds are a. Bonds backed by collateral.b. Bonds that mature in installments.c. Bonds the issuer can repurchase at a fixed price.d. Bonds issued below the face amount.arrow_forward
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