BIOL10008 2024 Sample Exam

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School

University of Melbourne *

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MISC

Subject

Biology

Date

May 31, 2024

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pdf

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Uploaded by LieutenantTankGoldfish38

Practice Exam Page 1 of 18 Student ID number: Semester 1, 2024 BIOL10008 – Foundational Biology: Life’s Machinery Reading time: 15 minutes Writing time: 80 minutes Permitted Materials • Writing items only. Instructions to Students This exam has 18 pages and is printed double sided. Please ensure that you have the correct number of pages before proceeding. Write your student ID number at the top of this page. This exam paper contains both multiple-choice questions and short answer questions. There are 44 questions, worth 64 marks total. For each multiple-choice question, you should select the CORRECT or MOST APPROPRIATE answer by fully shading in the circle bubble next to your answer of choice. If you make a mistake, erase your first answer completely before fully shading in the correct answer, or put a neat cross mark through the incorrect option, and then fully shade in the correct answer. NOTE: If more than one answer is recorded, no credit will be gained for that question. All multiple-choice questions are worth 1 mark, unless otherwise stated next to the question. For the short-answer questions, you must write your answers in the printed boxes provided below each question on the exam paper. Your answers should be in full sentences in legible English. Extra room in the form of blank pages has been provided at the end of the exam paper in case you run out of space for answering questions. If you do use these pages, please indicate at the bottom of the relevant question box that you have done this by clearly writing 'Extra Page’. If you require blank paper for rough working, ask an invigilator. You should attempt every question. The marks allocated to each question serve as a reflection of time to spend on each. This paper MUST NOT be removed from the exam hall.

Practice Exam Page 2 of 18 This page left blank intentionally.

Practice Exam Page 3 of 18 QUESTION 1: Complex polysaccharides form many structural components of biological systems, the following are examples: ◯ Chitin found in insect exoskeletons and starch found in plant cells. ◯ Chitin found in insect exoskeletons and cellulose in plant cell walls. ◯ Glycogen found in fungi and cellulose in plant cell walls. ◯ Lactose found in milk and cellulose in plant cell walls. QUESTION 2: The endomembrane system is comprised of the following components: ◯ Nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome / vacuole and plasma membrane. ◯ All internal membrane structures within the eukaryotic cell. ◯ Nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, vacuole and plasma membrane. ◯ Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome / vacuole and plasma membrane. QUESTION 3: A glycosidic bond is formed between two sugar molecules. Which of the following statements describes this process? (2 marks) ◯ A hydrogen bond formed between two sugar molecules to form a disaccharide. ◯ A dehydration reaction that occurs between the same two carbons on each sugar molecule. ◯ A reaction between two sugar molecules that always results in a branch-like structure. ◯ A dehydration reaction that can occur between different carbons on each sugar molecule. QUESTION 4: Active transport across a lipid bilayer describes: (2 marks) ◯ A process involving a protein embedded in the lipid bilayer that restricts the movement of a molecule in an energy dependent manner. ◯ Energy dependent movement of a molecule across a lipid bilayer by a transport protein, often against a concentration gradient. ◯ The energy dependent movement of molecules across a semi-permeable membrane, facilitated by polysaccharides embedded in a lipid bilayer. ◯ The process in which a protein embedded in a lipid bilayer enables the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane.

Practice Exam Page 4 of 18 QUESTION 5: The four major biomolecules of biological systems are: ◯ Water, carbohydrates, lipids, and protein. ◯ Protein, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and carbon. ◯ Protein, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids. ◯ Nucleic acids, water, carbohydrates and protein. QUESTION 6: The diagram below represents a DNA replication bubble in a prokaryote. Which of the following statements is true for this diagram? ◯ Q is the lagging strand. ◯ The enzyme at R is helicase. ◯ The arrow at T points to the 5’ end of the DNA strand. ◯ The structures at M are RNA primers. QUESTION 7: How many genomes are present in a plant cell? ◯ Two ◯ One ◯ Four ◯ Three

Practice Exam Page 5 of 18 QUESTION 8: The rate of diffusion of a gas across a membrane is: ◯ the same for all types of membranes. ◯ inversely proportional to the thickness of the membrane. ◯ independent on a partial pressure gradient. ◯ independent of membrane thickness. QUESTION 9: Proteins are digested into small peptides and amino acids in the ◯ mouth ◯ stomach ◯ ileum ◯ duodenum QUESTION 10: Lipids and carbohydrates share a common function in cells, namely: ◯ they are only found in cell membranes. ◯ they can both be used as an energy store. ◯ they form similar unbranched linear structures. ◯ they are biosynthesised by the same biochemical pathway. QUESTION 11: The secretion of hormones by the pancreas is an example of ◯ autocrine signalling. ◯ direct signalling across gap junctions. ◯ paracrine signalling. ◯ endocrine signalling.

Practice Exam Page 6 of 18 The following information is relevant for Questions 12 – 18 Seeds contain storage reserves to enable the initial germination and emergence of a seedling from the soil prior to photosynthesis. The following table outlines the approximate content of each of the major biomolecules and water found in both wheat and canola seeds. Lipid (%) Carbohydrate (%) Protein (%) Nucleic Acids (%) Water (%) wheat seed 4 70 15 1 10 canola seed 50 20 25 1 4 QUESTION 12: Referring to the data, identify which macromolecule is the main storage reserve in the wheat seed? (1 mark) ◯ Carbohydrate ◯ Lipid ◯ Protein QUESTION 13: Explain why you made this choice in Q13. (1 mark) QUESTION 14: Select one other role or structure of this macromolecule in the wheat seed? (1 mark) ◯ Signalling between cells ◯ Control of cell function ◯ Carrier of complex molecules across membranes ◯ Component of cell walls

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