Microbiology Exam #1 Study Guide

Define the term pathogen and identify causal agents for a range  of infectious diseases involving, bacteria,viruses,fungi and protists

Differentiate the terms in each of the following pairs a. etiology and pathogenesis b. infection and diseases c. communicable disease and noncommunicable disease

Which of the following describes "incubation period"?   a. It is the time interval between entry of an infectious agent into the body and the appearence of the first symptoms and/or signs of the disease   b. It is the time after recovery when a person can still harbor the infection   c. It is the time interval through which an infected person is able to transmit the infectious agent to others   d. It is the time interval between the onset of primary and secondary cases

Which of the following is a noncommunicable infectious disease? O a. infection acquired from the stick of a contaminated needle O b. skin infection acquired from a dog bite O. infection with a respiratory virus O d. food poisoning due to a preformed bacterial toxin in food

What do you mean by contagious disease? use your own words to explain?

74. (I) Communicable diseases are illnesses that can spread from a person to an animal. They usually appearafter an infectious agent spreads from one individual to another. (II) Non-communicable diseases havecharacteristics similar to communicable diseases.A. Both statements are false.B. Both statements are true.C. First statement is false; second statement is true.D. First statement is true; second statement is false.

1. Select one microorganism (a prokaryote, protest, or fungus) which has the potential to be used for bioterrorism. This microorganism should normally be pathogenic (meaning it causes disease in those that are exposed to it). 2. Design an infographic to show how the microorganism infects human/animal cells. This infographic should include all stages of the life cycle of this microorganism. May choose to create your infographic by hand or use digital tools such as Canva, Piktochart, Visme, Google Drawings, Microsoft word, or any other platform familiar with. 3. Write a fictitious letter to the government to explain how this microorganism can be destroyed/prevented. The intervention(s) that is/are chosen should be based on research and be applicable to a large - scale implementation strategy (i.e., if a bioterror microorganism kills all livestock to reduce protein supplies, then the intervention should be easily supplied to the livestock, such as in their water/food supply, to prevent…

Infectious diseases can be caused and spread by all manner of living and non living things. Which group of microbes seems to be the worst? Why?

When a hospital acquired infection occurs due to the transmission of bacteria from one person, to another person, it is referred to as a ....

75. Which of the following choices is NOT related to non-communicable diseases?A. Herbal therapy is a protective factorB. Lifestyle are significant factorsC. Mosquitoes are frequently the vectorsD. Usually affecting adult population

1. What is a true pathogen and who does it typically infect? What is an opportunistic pathogen and who does it typically infect?

If someone is contaminated with a bacterium from the environment, are they guaranteed to develop a disease? O Yes, contamination precedes disease and only one microbe is needed for disease development. Yes, a contamination implies that the patient will develop an illness. O No, contamination is just the mere presence of microbes in or on the body. O No, only non-living surfaces may be contaminated.

1. List three ways the body can protect itself against viral or bacterial infections.

O Differentiate the terms in each of the following pairs a. etiology and pathogenesis b. infection and disease c. communicable disease and noncommunicable disease

70. All of the following correctly describes a propagated or progressive source, EXCEPT:A. Disease continues to spread as long as the agent is presentB. Disease continues to spread as long as the vector is presentC. Down slope may be sharp if the common source is removedD. Infection easily spreads from person to person

Pathogenic microbes that cause disease in health care settings fall under which category of organisms? O 1) Normal flora O 2) True pathogens O 3) opportunists 3) O 4) Nosocomial

Briefly state the role microorganisms play in each of the following: A. Normal Microbiota B. Vaccine production C. Food and Beverage industry

What are the different groups of microbes that can affect human? Explain each how do they cause disease?

82. Which of the following may produce an epidemic curve characteristic of a propagated source outbreak?A. Gastroenteritis brought about by a virus horizontally transmitted via direct contactB. Gastroenteritis caused by a sewage system leaking into a town’s water supplyC. Gastroenteritis due to a contaminated batch of packaged food in grocery storesD. Gastroenteritis from a contaminated food item shared during a single meal83. Who among the following individuals may be considered a secondary case in an outbreak investigation?A. Ana has elevated blood pressure secondary to acute gastroenteritis after attending a party.B. Ian was infected by his roommate John, who was exposed to a patient zero while travelling.C. Mary got infected with her classmates when they attended a meeting in a compromised venue.D. Ted manifested symptoms of a communicable diseases when he got home from a trip abroad.

. Identify one example of a pathogen species, including a short description of animal   disease for each of the following: Bacteria Virus Fungus Prion  Helminth

Part B: Antifungal agents are less selectively toxic than antibacterial agents meaning that they cause more damage to the host cells. Why is that the case?

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