HW Ch1 Zool 2420-6

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Utah Valley University *

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2420

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Biology

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Feb 20, 2024

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NAME: ________________________________ Zool 2420 UVU Biology Dept. Chantal Hart, MS VOCABULARY ASSIGNMENT Chapter 1 For each term, provide a definiCon relaCve to Chapter 1. All informaCon can be derived using the textbook and slides, however, you may use other resources if necessary to grasp an understanding of the term. All vocabulary assignments are testable material. Do not cut and paste as that is a form of plagiarism. Submit on Canvas. Assignments can be typed or handwriPen as long as the file can be appropriately uploaded. Please put answers in a different color other than black if you providing a typed document. Part 1: Defining Terms TERM DEFINITION 1. receptor Whatever is sensitive to the particular stimulus 2. effector Cell or organ that responds to the control center commands 3. homeostasis A condition that stays the same 4. set point Range of desired value regulated by antagonistic effectors 5. intrinsic regulaIon An automatic response of organs, tissues, and cells to maintain homeostasis 6. extrinsic regulaIon Requires help from the nervous system or endocrine system to maintain homeostasis 7. mass balance The amount of a substance in the body is to remain constant, any gain must be offset by an equal loss 8. body load The amount of substance in the body 9. equilibrium Homeostasis is NOT equilibrium. Equilibrium composiIon of body compartments is idenIcal 10. dynamic steady state refers to a situaIon in which the components of a system are constantly changing but the overall system remains in a relaIvely stable state. 11. differenIate The process which immature cells become mature cells with specific functions 12. toIpotent stem cell Cells that have the capacity to self renew and divid to develop into 3 primary germ cell layers 13. pluripotent stem cell A cell that is able to develop in many different types of cells or tissues in the body

16. Thinking about homeostasis: a. List three processes in the body that exemplify homeostasis. Choose one of the three to answer the following quesIons: thermoregulaIon. Body temperature b. IdenIfy the sImulus. Change in the external environment. Temperature receptors . c. IdenIfy the result. RestoraIon of homeostaIc set point. Bringing body back to normal 17. Why is posiIve feedback not considered a homeostaIc process? Because homeostasis is only achieved when it is in danger. 18. IntegraIng center is another term for the control center in a homeostaIc process. How does this term help you understand the control center of a process? 19. a. Look up the set point for intracellular ﬂuid pH of a skeletal muscle cell. (include your reference) 5.99 is the set point h‘ps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arIcles/PMC297096/ #:~:text=The%20actual%20pH%20of%20the,direct%20measurements%20of%20intracellular%20pH. b. Look up the set point for intersIIal ﬂuid pH in skeletal muscle. (include your reference) Around 6.6 - 7.60 and can rise up to 8 h‘ps://www.researchgate.net/figure/pH-of-intersIIal-ﬂuid-and-blood-and-binding-aﬃnity-of-insulin-to-its- receptor_fig1_271208872#:~:text=Previous%20works%20have%20measured%20pH,8%20%5B17%2C%2018 %5D. 20. Use your knowledge and terminology of homeostasis to explain the difference between the two numbers. The numbers are different because they have to adjust to the different fluids to maintain homeostasis 14. mulIpotent stem cell have the ability to differentiate into all cell types within one particular lineage 15. intersIIal ﬂuid Body ﬂuid between blood vessels and cells. Containing nutrients from capillaries by diffusion and holding water products

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