Week 3 ECO GW

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Eastern Gateway Community College *

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315

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Biology

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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docx

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3

Uploaded by CommodoreNarwhalMaster182

Week 3 Assessment Gabriel Ware BIO 315 10/21/23 Chapter 5 Questions 1. Urban heat islands are warmer than surrounding areas. Define an urban heat island and describe how albedo might contribute to them. Urban heat islands are areas that experience abnormal higher temperatures than the surrounding area, this is due to human influence including streets, building etc. Albedo suggests the reflection of solar light, with this being known; albedo contributes when surfaces with light colors or specific building material will reflect large amounts of solar light while dark colors do the opposite. 2. How would an increased angle of the Earth's tilt would affect the variation in the heating of the Eart? The axis of the Earth being tilted can produce substantial changes in the seasons such as longer summers and longer winters or vice versa depending of which direction the tilt occurs. Weather patterns along with sunlight distribution being disturbed could potentially affect the development of animals on Earth as well. 3. Explain the effects of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and describe how they illustrate the importance of air and water currents in the global distribution of heat. During El Niño southern oscillation, the waters in the tropical pacific became warm which altered the surface temperature enhancing the effects of moist air which disrupted the weather patterns. 4. The coastal deserts of Peru and Chile are the driest on earth, yet they lie within the southward reach of the intertropical convergence during the Southern Hemisphere summer. Why are these areas deserts? (Hint: You may wish to consider the location of the Andes mountain range.) The reasoning as to why Peru and Chile are the driest areas atmospheric circulation patterns, the cold ocean mixed with rain shadow effect that counteract potential moisture from reaching those areas. 5. Why are dry climates often found around 30ºS and 30ºN latitudes? Areas around these specific latitudes are high pressure areas suggesting that the air mass descends holding moisture contributing to dry areas. 6. Why do tropical soils often have low fertility? The fertility is low due to a process of leaching, in hot areas with high precipitation accelerates the
process of soil moving essential nutrients away from the surface level leaving the soil with missing nutrient needed to make the soil rich. 7. How might the plowing of soil for agriculture change the soil’s fertility? Plowing allows for the missing nutrients to be surfaced or at least be close to the surface, this is due to aeration a process that allows for the roots to reach the nutrients needed to grow. Chapter 6 questions 8. It is rare for a biome to have cold temperature combined with high precipitation. Why is this? It is rare for this to occur due to water not being at the appropriate temperature to evaporate along with cold atmospheres holding small amounts of water vapor. 9. Why are plants used as the distinguishing features for biomes but not animals? Animals aren’t as easy to use when comparing their biomes than plants and trees, certain conditions need to be met for specific plants to be produced in specific biomes. 10. In climate diagrams, temperature and precipitation are used to determine which limits plant growth in the biome. Why does higher temperatures also require increased precipitation? Precipitation is used to exceed and counteract transpiration supporting plants that are smaller than trees. 11. Very dry and very moist biomes rarely burn while biomes with moderate precipitation and seasonal drought burn easily and often. Why is this? Biomes that receive moderate precipitation and drought develop areas where there are heavy winds in dry conditions along with the excess amount of vegetation in certain areas. 12. What are the similarities and differences between arctic and alpine tundra? Similarities: Cold temperatures, The soil of both are poor and low in nutrients leading to less vegetation. Differences: Artic tundras are in high latitudes that are close to the Earth’s poles. Alpine tundras are in high elevated areas. The differences in species are influenced by the two separate areas as well. 13. In which ways might a riparian zone affect a nearby terrestrial biome? Riparian zones are known for seasonal flooding, this elevates the water level which moves organic
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