bio 226 final 3

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Marian University *

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Biology

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Dec 6, 2023

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Bio 226 Final Exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2ugz3g 1. A farmer in Kansas and a farmer in California each plant an acre of the same kind of corn. Because the environment differs for each field, how will this affect the height of their corn? a. the average height of the corn could differ between fields b. the variation in the height of the corn in each field could differ between fields c. the color and see shape of the corn could differ between fields d. both the average height of the corn and the variation in corn height within each field could differ between fields e. average height, variation in height, seed color, and seed shape could all differ between fields d. both the aver- age height of the corn and the varia- tion in corn height within each field could differ be- tween fields 2. The concordance among identical twins for epilepsy is 37% and for fraternal twins 19%. From this informa- tion, we can conclude that: a. epilepsy has only a minor genetic component b. epilepsy has an important genetic component c. epilepsy has both and important genetic compo- nent and an important environmental component d. lifestyle and other environmental factors play an important role in epilepsy e. epilepsy has only a minor genetic component, while lifestyle and other environmental factors play and im- portant role c. epilepsy has both and impor- tant genetic com- ponent and an important environ- mental component 3. The phenotype of an individual results from an inter- action between: a. genotype & mutation rate b. genotype & the environment c. allele frequency & mutation rate d. allele frequency & genotype e. allele frequency & the environment b. genotype & the environment 1 / 25
Bio 226 Final Exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2ugz3g 4. If eight allele for a gene exist in a population, what is the maximum number of allele copies for that gene an unaffected diploid individual is expected to have? a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 6 e. 8 a. 2 5. Why do data on observable mutant phenotypes under- estimate that actual frequency of mutation? a. many mutations are in non-coding regions of the genome b. some mutations in protein coding regions of the genome are synonymous or silent mutations c. most mutations result in death of the individual or and inability to reproduce d. a & b are correct e. all of the above are correct d. a & b are correct 6. In humans, ability to roll the tongue (R) is dominant to being unable to roll the tongue (r). Having freckles (F) is dominant to having no freckles (f). A freckled tongue-roller could have which of the following geno- types? a. RRFF b. RrFf c. rrFF d. both RRFF & RrFr are correct e. all of the options are correct d. both RRFF & RrFr are correct 7. Consider Mendels experiments involving the trait around versus wrinkled peas. In some experiments, Mendels method involved removing the anthers that produce pollen from the flowers of the round peas and applying pollen from the anthers of the wrinkled plant. b. the F1 peas pro- duced would have a single pheno- type 2 / 25
Bio 226 Final Exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2ugz3g What would have happened if Mendel had missed some anthers he was trying to remove from the flow- ers of the plants that produce only round peas, and observed the peas produced by a plant that had a mix of round and wrinkled pollen. (Indicate which of the following must be true) a. the F1 peas produced would have mixed pheno- types b. the F1 peas produced would have a single pheno- type c. the F2 peas would have phenotypes in a 9:3:3:1 ratio d. the F2 peas would all have the phenotype of the parental plant with the anthers not properly removed e. the F1 peas would have phenotypes in a 1:1 ratio 8. According to Mendel's work, a heterozygous plant with alleles Aa will produce: a. gametes with only the A allele b. gametes with only the a allele c. gametes containing both the A allele and the a allele d. 50% of the gametes with the A allele and 50% of the gametes with the a allele, on average e. some gametes with the A allele and some with the a allele, but no predictable ratio d. 50% of the ga- metes with the A allele and 50% of the gametes with the a allele, on av- erage 9. If you crossed two heterozygous yellow seed pea plant (genotypes Aa): a. the relative frequency of the a allele in each parents gametes would be 1/2 b. the relative frequency of the A allele in each parents gametes would be 1/2 c. the relative frequency of green seed plants (geno- type aa) would be 1/4 d. the relative frequency of homozygous yellow seed plants (genotype AA) would be 1/4 e. all of the answer options are true e. all of the answer options are true 3 / 25
Bio 226 Final Exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2ugz3g 10. In pea plants, flowers are either white or purple; the purple color is produced by pigment called antho- cyanins. The production of anthocyanins is a two step process the first is controlled by the C gene and the second by the P gene both genes must be produced functional proteins for anthocyanin to be produced. For each gene, the dominant (C and P) alleles produce functional proteins. You cross two pea plants, each with the genotype CcPp. What proportion of their off- spring will have purple flowers? a. 13/16 b. 9/16 c. 7/16 d. 3/4 e. 1/4 b. 9/16 11. Human ABO blood groups are determined by a single gene with 3 alleles: A, B, and O. IN a sample of 300 individuals, 100 are blood type A and genotype AA, 100 are blood type B and genotype BO, and 100 are blood type O and genotype OO. What are the allele frequencies? a. 25% A, 25% B, 50% O b. 50% A, 25% B, 25% O c. 33.3% A, 33.3% B, 33.3% O d. 33.35 A, 33.3% B, 66.6 % O e. 33.3% A, 16.6% B, 50% O e. 33.3% A, 16.6% B, 50% O 12. In a population with two alleles, A and a, the fre- quency of a is 0.6. What would be the frequency of heterozygotes if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? a. 0.48 b. 0.64 c. 0.16 a. 0.48 4 / 25
Bio 226 Final Exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2ugz3g d. 0.36 e. 0.40 13. Imagine that beak color in a finch species is controlled by a single gene. You mate a finch homozygous for orange (pigmented) beak with a finch homozygous for ivory (unpigmented) beak and get numerous off- spring, all of which have pale, light orange beaks. This latter of coot expression is most likely to be an example of: a. codominance b. incomplete dominance c. pleiotrophy d. polygenic inheritance e. epistasis b. incomplete dominance 14. Any genetic difference among individuals sufficiently common to be found in a random sample of 50 indi- viduals polymorphism 15. Any mating of an unknown genotype with a homozy- gous recessive genotype test cross 16. This describes genes that are sufficiently close to- gether on the same chromosome that they are gener- ally inherited together linked genes 17. A complex trait in which the phenotype is measured along a continuum with only small intervals between similar individuals quantitative 18. This describes all the alleles present in all the individ- uals in a population gene pool 19. Male Australian bowerbirds build and decorate elab- orate structures, called bowers, out of grasses and other vegetation. If we want to understand the physi- ological mechanism behind this behavior, we want to understand its: a. causation 5 / 25
Bio 226 Final Exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_2ugz3g a. causation b. development c. adaptive function d. evolutionary history e. causation & development 20. A newly mates queen ant establishes an ant nest in an unoccupied path of suitable habitat. Assuming that no disasters strike the nest, which of the following types of equation will best describe its population growth over time? a. linear b. quadratic c. logarithmic d. logistic e.exponential d. logistic 21. What is the age structure of a population? a. the curve that results when the likelihood of dying is plotted as a function of age b. the curve that results when the likelihood of being alive is plotted as a function of age c. proportion of individuals in different age groups d. the different in the age distribution of a population at two definite points in time e. the structure of a population at different points on its growth curve c. proportion of in- dividuals in differ- ent age groups 22. We would expect that the patter of dispersion for a population of desert plants that are limited by access to water to be _______________. a. absolute b. clumped c. homogenous e. uniform 6 / 25
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