6

.docx

School

Valencia College *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

1010C

Subject

Biology

Date

Apr 3, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

7

Uploaded by ProfCrownFrog4

Diffusion and Osmosis Worksheet 6 (34 pts) Background Molecules move across the selective barrier called the plasma membrane according to their physical and chemical properties. If this process is driven by the potential energy stored in the form of a concentration gradient, it is called passive transport . Passive transport occurs without any additional energy supply by the cell. Molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration in a process called diffusion . In the first virtual lab activity, we use an artificial membrane called dialysis tubing to mimic the cell membrane. Dialysis tubing is made of cellulose (polymer of glucose) and it acts as a semipermeable barrier much like a real cell membrane. It is selective for which molecules can pass through the dialysis membrane simply based on the size of the pores found in the wall of the membrane. Small molecules will be allowed to pass through while blocking larger molecules. Virtual Labs I. Diffusion across a selective permeable membrane 1. (1 pt) Diffusion is a passive process that moves substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. 2. (1 pt) How do we test for the presence of starch using iodine (IKI) ? To test for the presence of starch using iodine, we must add iodine reagent to a solution. If the solution contains starch the color will change to a deep blue; if it doesn’t, the water will have a light orange-brown color. 1
Dialysis tubing is a selectively permeable membrane made with cellulose . The only selective criterion for a dialysis membrane is the size of the molecule- smaller molecules may go through, whereas larger molecules will not. 3. (2 pts) Between iodine (IKI), glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ), and starch, which molecule(s) are considered small and therefore likely to pass through a dialysis membrane? Iodine and glucose are considered small and therefore likely to pass through a dyalisis membrane. 4. (2 pts) Which of these molecules will diffuse the fastest? Why? Iodine will diffuse the fastest because it has a smaller molecular size. Small molecules will be allowed to pass through while blocking large molecules. 5. (2 pts) What do you think will happen to the solution volume inside the dialysis tubing (B) according to the above picture? Why? (Hint: can H 2 O molecules pass through the dialysis membrane?) 2
The solution volume inside the dialysis tubing according to the picture above will decrease because the tubing is semi-permeable, only small molecules can pass through the membrane. 6. (1 pts) From the information in the virtual lab, what is the best hypothesis for this virtual lab experiment? Diffusion occurred based on molecular size. Iodine and glucose are much smaller molecules than starch; therefore, they are able to diffuse. 7. (2 pts) Why don’t we need to use a strip to test for the presence of starch inside or outside the dialysis tubing? We don’t need to use a strip to test for the presence of starch inside or outside the dialysis tubing bacuase in the experiment, the dialysis tubing was permeable to glucose and iodine and not to starch. Starch was excluded because of its large molecular size. II. Osmosis - Tonicity in Elodea cells (plant cells) A specific type of diffusion that deals with the movement of water molecules across the membrane down its concentration gradient is called osmosis . Since water molecules are permeable to the cell membrane, its movement across the membrane depends on the relative concentration of solutes. Solutes are any substance that are dissolved in the solvent. The solvent is any liquid that is capable of dissolving substances. With these definitions in mind, we can formulate the following equation to demonstrate the composition of any solution. Solution (100%) = Solvent (H 2 O %) + Solute (%) The solvent in a living system is water and the direction of water movement is dependent upon the solute concentration across the membrane. If the membrane is permeable to water molecules but not to solutes, water molecules will diffuse from the solution with lower solute concentration ( hypotonic solution ) toward the solution with greater solute concentration ( hypertonic 3
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
  • Access to all documents
  • Unlimited textbook solutions
  • 24/7 expert homework help