marco alvarez assig 2

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Purdue Global University *

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235

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Biology

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Jan 9, 2024

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docx

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SC235: Human Biology Unit 2 Assignment Name: marco alvarez Please address each question and submit the completed worksheet to the Unit 2 Assignment Dropbox when completed. Part I: Humans are the only mammals to have lived in the most extreme environments from remote islands, to deserts, and high mountains. For over 1,000 years the Bajau people, often referred to as sea nomads, have lived an almost entirely marine-dependent existence, gathering food and resources by freediving up to 230 feet without an oxygen tank. These freedivers spend approximately 60% of their working time under water. Scientists sought to determine whether the Bajau’s freediving abilities were the result of natural selection for certain genetic adaptations or if these abilities were due to practice and training within the Bajau’s culture during an individual’s lifetime. They designed an experiment comparing the Bajau to the Saluan, a nearby population that does not traditionally freedive. Scientists found that the Bajau had significantly larger spleens than the Saluan, even in individuals who were not freedivers. Watch the following video or review the following article: Ilardo, M., Moltke, I., Korneliussen, S., et. al. (2018, April 19). Physiological and genetic adaptations to diving in sea nomads . Cell , 173(3). https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(18)30386-6 Then, address the following questions. 1. Why do you think scientists measured spleen size? Based on the reading, what role do you think the spleen plays in an individual’s ability to dive? They measured the spleen because they found larger spleen volume resulted in the ability to dive longer. They think that the spleen pushes some oxygen rich blood cells during the dive 2. How does the experiment measuring spleen size support the following hypothesis: “The freediving ability in the Bajau is a result of natural selection”? Give an example of a more specific, testable hypothesis for the larger spleen size and how it may contribute to the extraordinary diving abilities of the Bajau. It supports their hypothesis since they are able to withstand longer times underwater water while communities in the same area that don’t free dive they have normal sized spleen since they did not practice that task. The example given is some seals have larger spleens and they are able to withstand longer time underwater
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